{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:25:56Z","timestamp":1753892756147,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Family components can play roles both as protective factors and maintenance mechanisms of eating disorders. We aimed to investigate the role of food in the family relationships of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and bulimia in northeastern Brazil. Using photo elicitation, a visual narrative method that gives insight into the participants' perspective through photograph, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 people: four teenage girls with anorexia, four with bulimia, eight mothers, four fathers, five grandmothers, and one sister. Data were analyzed using the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, which highlighted the following themes: control of the parent-adolescent relationship through food; food as a mean of experiencing parental presence-absence; food as the focus of conflict in the nuclear family, and food as a source of three-generational conflict. Food seemed to be a means for teens and parents to express physical suffering and psychological violence. Moreover, mourning appeared to influence the girls' relationships with food. Conflict in these families is not focused solely on food, but extends to other subjects, and teenagers' emotional reactivity concerning their relationship with their parents and food during family mealtimes varied. These features reinforced the cultural aspect and influences of eating experiences among adolescent girls with eating disorders. Remarkable disparities exist in the generations' views on what rules and rituals these adolescents must follow at meals. These disparities can obfuscate generational boundaries in these families. Our data reinforce the need to focus on the adolescent's autonomy in the family setting and on family identity as related to food among three generations. These findings necessitate a reorganization of boundaries between these generations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.623136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T14:45:25Z","timestamp":1618584325000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Role of Food in the Family Relationships of Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia in Northeastern Brazil: A Qualitative Study Using Photo Elicitation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Juniana de Almeida Mota","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayssa'","family":"El Husseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Bloc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia Sursis Nobre Ferro","family":"Bucher-Maluschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Rose","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Lachal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-45082016RW3120","article-title":"Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in eating disorders: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews","volume":"14","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Einstein."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.22","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in adolescents: results from the national comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement","volume":"68","author":"Swanson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gene Psychiatry."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-016-0264-x","article-title":"A systematic review of the health-related quality of life and economic burdens of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder","volume":"21","author":"\u00c0gh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eating Weight Disord."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000585","article-title":"Eating behaviors and quali of life in pre-adolescents at risk for obesity with and without abdominal pain","volume":"60","author":"Crowell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr."},{"volume-title":"2015 DSM- 5 - Manuel Diagnostique et Statistique des Troubles Mentaux","year":"2015","author":"Crocq","key":"B5"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000\u20132018 period: a systematic literature review","volume":"109","author":"Galmiche","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000279","article-title":"Epidemiology of eating disorders in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Kolar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2015-0087","article-title":"2016 Characterization of eating behavior disorders in school-aged children and adolescents: a population-based study","volume":"29","author":"De Souza Cavalcanti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Adolesc Med Health."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.02046","article-title":"Triadic interactions in families of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and families of adolescents with internalizing disorders","volume":"7","author":"Balottin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.01.018","article-title":"Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with eating disorders","volume":"54","author":"Lock","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/harvard.9780674418233","volume-title":"Psychosomatic Families. 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