{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:55:35Z","timestamp":1785902135957,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012651","name":"Fondation Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013690","name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'\u00c9conomie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Qu\u00e9bec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> This study examined how best to identify modifiable protective and risk factors for burnout in healthcare workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual, occupational, organizational and social factors were investigated. The study also assessed the impact of these factors on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Healthcare workers in the Quebec (Canada) healthcare system were recruited between May 21 to June 5, 2020. Participants answered an electronic survey 3 months after the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak began in Canada. Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, we studied the prevalence of burnout, PTSD, anxiety and depression in this cohort. Multivariable logistic or linear regression models including resilience, social and organizational support, workload and access to mental health help, simulation techniques and protective personal equipment (PPE) as well as perception of PPE security were conducted for each outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> In mid-June 2020, 467 participants completed the survey. We found that half (51.8%) of the respondents experienced burnout characterized by emotional exhaustion and\/or depersonalization at least once a week. In total, 158 healthcare workers (35.6%) displayed severe symptoms of at least one of the mental health disorders (24.3% PTSD, 23.3% anxiety, 10.6% depression). Resilience (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: [0.55\u20130.87]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) and perceived organizational support (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: [0.61\u20130.93]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009) were significantly associated with burnout and other outcomes. Social support satisfaction, perception of PPE security, work type and environment, mental health antecedents and reassignment were associated with PTSD and\/or anxiety and\/or depression, but not burnout.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Future studies should address primarily resilience and perceived organizational support to promote mental health and prevent burnout, PTSD, anxiety and depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T06:02:21Z","timestamp":1625724141000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Factors Associated With Burnout, Post-traumatic Stress and Anxio-Depressive Symptoms in Healthcare Workers 3 Months Into the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Cyr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Joelle","family":"Marcil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-France","family":"Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Tardif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Guay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Guertin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Genest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Forest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Labrosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Vadeboncoeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"Selcer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Ducharme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Brouillette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30164-X","article-title":"Risk of COVID-19 among front-line health-care workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00195","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00195-2020","article-title":"Global burden of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers","volume":"6","author":"Papoutsi","year":"2020","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06002-0","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of the COVID-19 spring outbreak in Quebec, Canada: a population-based study","volume":"21","author":"Jantzen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"CMA National Physician Health Survey A National Snapshot: Canadian Medical Association2018"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200606-806OC","article-title":"Burnout syndrome in critical care nursing staff","volume":"175","author":"Poncet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. 11th Revision Edn","year":"2018"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12175","DOI":"10.1002\/1348-9585.12175","article-title":"The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of healthcare workers in a hospital setting-a systematic review","volume":"62","author":"Sanghera","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Occup Health."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113360","article-title":"Psychological effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on healthcare workers globally: a systematic review","volume":"292","author":"Sheraton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-020-00722-3","article-title":"Symptoms of burnout in intensive care unit specialists facing the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"10","author":"Azoulay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113129","article-title":"Burnout and somatic symptoms among frontline healthcare professionals at the peak of the Italian COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"290","author":"Barello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176180","article-title":"Professional quality of life and mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19)","volume":"17","author":"Buselli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.10.040","article-title":"Burnout amongst emergency healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-center study","author":"Chor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26292","article-title":"Mental health among otolaryngology resident and attending physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic: national study","volume":"42","author":"Civantos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Neck."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856220965045","article-title":"Burnout and psychological distress amongst Australian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"29","author":"Dobson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust Psychiatry."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201029","article-title":"Burnout of healthcare workers in acute care geriatric facilities during the COVID-19 crisis: an online-based study","volume":"78","author":"El Haj","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S271","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2020\/23\/S271","article-title":"The effect of COVID-19 on interventional pain management practices: a physician burnout survey","volume":"23","author":"Jha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Physician."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0237301","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237301","article-title":"Exposure to COVID-19 patients increases physician trainee stress and burnout","volume":"15","author":"Kannampallil","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23518","article-title":"Burnout among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in India: results of a questionnaire-based survey","volume":"24","author":"Khasne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17155514","article-title":"Symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, levels of resilience and burnout in Spanish health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Luceno-Moreno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2017271","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.17271","article-title":"Prevalence of health care worker burnout during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan","volume":"3","author":"Matsuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0238217","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238217","article-title":"Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid turnaround global survey","volume":"15","author":"Morgantini","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5093\/ejpalc2018a13","article-title":"Analysis of burnout predictors in nursing: risk and protective psychological factors","volume":"11","author":"P\u00e9rez-Fuentes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol Appl Legal Context."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4321","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15469","article-title":"Compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction and perceived stress in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 health crisis in Spain","volume":"29","author":"Ruiz-Fernandez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.17533\/udea.iee.v38n2e03","article-title":"Burnout and its influencing factors between frontline nurses and nurses from other wards during the outbreak of coronavirus disease -COVID-19- in Iran","volume":"38","author":"Sarboozi Hoseinabadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Investigacion Educ Enferm."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.09.035","article-title":"Burnout and associated factors among health care workers in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"21","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9096","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17239096","article-title":"Investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers: a meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Batra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-020-00469-9","article-title":"Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review","volume":"18","author":"Dall'Ora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200608-1184OC","article-title":"High level of burnout in intensivists: prevalence and associated factors","volume":"175","author":"Embriaco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B29","unstructured":"Systematic review of burnout risk factors among European healthcare professionals\n            BriaM\n            BabanA\n            Dumitra\u015fcuDL\n          Cogn Brain Behav Interdiscipl J.2012"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464814542465","article-title":"Stress, social support, and burnout among long-term care nursing staff","volume":"35","author":"Woodhead","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2147\/LRA.S240564","article-title":"Burnout in healthcare workers: prevalence, impact and preventative strategies","volume":"13","author":"De Hert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Local Reg Anesth."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206315575554","article-title":"Perceived organizational support: a meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory","volume":"43","author":"Kurtessis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Manag."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20271","article-title":"Psychometric analysis and refinement of the connor-davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC): validation of a 10-item measure of resilience","volume":"20","author":"Campbell-Sills","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e373","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001907","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic: looking after the mental health of our healthcare workers","volume":"62","author":"Choudhury","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177705148","article-title":"Snowball sampling","volume":"32","author":"Goodman","year":"1961","journal-title":"Ann Math Stat."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.5812\/sdme.67670","article-title":"Snowball sampling: a purposeful method of sampling in qualitative research","author":"Naderifar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Strides Dev Med Educ"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1129-z","article-title":"Single item measures of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are useful for assessing burnout in medical professionals","volume":"24","author":"West","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000134","article-title":"Burnout among U.S. medical students, residents, and early career physicians relative to the general U.S. population","volume":"89","author":"Dyrbye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e114987","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114987","article-title":"Evaluating the psychometric properties of the maslach burnout inventory-human services survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian nurses: how many factors must a researcher consider?","volume":"9","author":"Loera","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0161645","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161645","article-title":"Psychometric validation of the English and French versions of the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)","volume":"11","author":"Ashbaugh","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22059","article-title":"The posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): development and initial psychometric evaluation","volume":"28","author":"Blevins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress."},{"key":"B42","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5","year":"2013"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00296-3","article-title":"The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. An updated literature review","volume":"52","author":"Bjelland","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.10.029","article-title":"A psychometric evaluation of the French Canadian version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in a large primary care population","volume":"147","author":"Roberge","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000260","article-title":"Psychometric analysis of the PTSD checklist-5 (PCL-5) among treatment-seeking military service members","volume":"28","author":"Wortmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000254","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-Fifth edition (PCL-5) in veterans","volume":"28","author":"Bovin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.92.5.887","article-title":"Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events: the implications of treating oneself kindly","volume":"92","author":"Leary","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407587044007","article-title":"A brief measure of social support: practical and theoretical implications","volume":"4","author":"Sarason","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Soc Pers Relat."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a754","DOI":"10.4102\/sajip.v35i1.754","article-title":"The survey of perceived organisational support: which measure should we use?","volume":"35","author":"Worley","year":"2009","journal-title":"SA J Ind Psychol"},{"key":"B51","unstructured":"CanadaPHAo\n          COVID-19 pandemic guidance for the health care sector: Canada.ca. 20202020"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2014.02.002","article-title":"Free, brief, and validated: standardized instruments for low-resource mental health settings","volume":"22","author":"Beidas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Pract."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1212.060584","article-title":"Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak","volume":"12","author":"Maunder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102694","article-title":"Mental health among head and neck surgeons in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national study","volume":"41","author":"Civantos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000507639","article-title":"Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China","volume":"89","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e926008","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.926008","article-title":"Factors influencing anxiety of health care workers in the radiology department with high exposure risk to COVID-19","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.081","article-title":"Psychological impact of healthcare workers in China during COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic: a multi-center cross-sectional survey investigation","volume":"274","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901713010156","article-title":"Risk for depression, burnout and low quality of life among personnel of a university hospital in Italy is a consequence of the impact one economic crisis in the welfare system?","volume":"13","author":"Carta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609639","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.609639","article-title":"Inspired but tired: how medical faculty's job demands and resources lead to engagement, work-Life conflict, and burnout","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901511010004","article-title":"Organizational wellbeing among workers in mental health services: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Sancassiani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569935","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.569935","article-title":"Traumatic stress in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a review of the immediate impact","volume":"11","author":"Benfante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22423","DOI":"10.2196\/22423","article-title":"Changes in stress, anxiety, and depression levels of subscribers to a daily supportive text message program (Text4Hope) during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional survey study","volume":"7","author":"Agyapong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20m02716","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.20m02716","article-title":"A study to evaluate depression and perceived stress among frontline Indian doctors combating the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"22","author":"Das","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prim Care Companion CNS Disord."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598720","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.598720","article-title":"The mental well-being of frontline physicians working in civil wars under coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic conditions","volume":"11","author":"Elhadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110221","article-title":"Psychological status of healthcare workers during the civil war and COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study","volume":"137","author":"Elhadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579563","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.579563","article-title":"Burnout syndrome among hospital healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and civil war: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Elhadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23667","article-title":"Burnout and resilience among frontline nurses during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in the emergency department of a tertiary care center, North India","volume":"24","author":"Jose","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22408","DOI":"10.2196\/22408","article-title":"Prevalence of perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in health care workers and other workers in Alberta during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional survey","volume":"7","author":"Mrklas","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-203375","article-title":"Occupational burnout among active physiotherapists working in clinical hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in south-eastern Poland","volume":"68","author":"Pniak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Work."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8358","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228358","article-title":"Psychological adjustment of healthcare workers in italy during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences in stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion satisfaction between frontline and non-Frontline professionals","volume":"17","author":"Trumello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01683","article-title":"Mindfulness, compassion, and self-compassion among health care professionals: what's new? A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Conversano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-020-01469-5","article-title":"Self-Compassion explains less burnout among healthcare professionals","author":"Hashem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mindfulness (N Y)"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/15298860309032","article-title":"Self-compassion: an alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself","volume":"2","author":"Neff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Self Identity."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.012","article-title":"Cross-sectional studies: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations","volume":"158","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-5823.2010.00112.x","article-title":"Selection bias in web surveys","volume":"78","author":"Bethlehem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Stat Rev."},{"key":"B76","volume-title":"Emplois Selon la Cat\u00e9gorie Professionnelle - Statistiques de Sant\u00e9 et de Bien \u00eatre Selon le Sexe - Tout le Qu\u00e9bec - Professionnels de la Sant\u00e9","year":"2011"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2020.104503","article-title":"Knowledge for nurses to better care for themselves so they can better care for others during the covid-19 pandemic and beyond","volume":"94","author":"Hofmeyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/08854726.2014.913876","article-title":"Mindfulness, self-compassion, and empathy among health care professionals: a review of the literature","volume":"20","author":"Raab","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Health Care Chaplain."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113312","article-title":"PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers facing the three coronavirus outbreaks: what can we expect after the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"292","author":"Carmassi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101919","article-title":"Comprehensive meta-analysis of resilience interventions","volume":"82","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2008.05.003","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the relationship between perceived organizational support and job outcomes: 20 years of research","volume":"62","author":"Riggle","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bus Res."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1177\/1059601107313307","article-title":"Toward a further understanding of the relationships between perceptions of support and work attitudes","volume":"33","author":"Ng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Group Organ Manag."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668278\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T06:02:30Z","timestamp":1625724150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668278\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"article-number":"668278"}}