{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T03:02:04Z","timestamp":1779246124371,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold> Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder, affecting a large population worldwide. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, with no compensatory behaviors. BED is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities, and still represents a challenge in terms of treatment strategies. In the last years, neuromodulation has represented a promising approach in the treatment of BED. We report the cases of two women, affected by Bipolar Disorder Type II (BD-II) and comorbid BED, whose BED symptoms improved after a course of accelerated intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> We carried out a clinical study, involving neurostimulation on six patients with a treatment-resistant depressive episode. The trial consisted of a 3-week accelerated iTBS treatment, delivered to the left dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex. Clinical evaluation scales (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale, and Young Mania Rating Scale) were administered at baseline, after 2 weeks, and at the end of the stimulation cycle. Pharmacotherapy was maintained unchanged during iTBS treatment. Patients gave their informed consent both for the protocol and for the publication.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The treatment was well-tolerated. Depressive symptoms only slightly improved; however, patients' binge episodes remitted completely, which was a serendipitous finding. BED symptomatology complete remission lasted up to 12 weeks follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Discussion:<\/jats:bold> This is the first study regarding iTBS use in BED in comorbidity with BD-II. Further research is still needed to assess the efficacy of this technique in BED treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.732066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T06:58:57Z","timestamp":1639033137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Case Report: Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Comorbid Binge Eating Disorder in Two Female Patients With Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Domenico","family":"Sciortino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giandomenico","family":"Schiena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Cant\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Maggioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Brambilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30059-3","article-title":"Eating disorders","volume":"395","author":"Treasure","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12057","article-title":"Impaired configural body processing in anorexia nervosa: Evidence from the body inversion effect","volume":"105","author":"Urgesi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Psychol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20982","article-title":"Visual body perception in anorexia nervosa","volume":"45","author":"Urgesi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Eating Disord."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-2455","article-title":"Binge-eating disorder in adults","volume":"165","author":"Brownley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.11.020","article-title":"The prevalence and correlates of binge eating disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"73","author":"Kessler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.12.052","article-title":"Psychopathological and personality traits underlie decision making in recent onset medication na\u00efve anorexia nervosa: a pilot study","volume":"216","author":"Fornasari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2019.05.007","article-title":"The neurobiology of eating disorders","volume":"28","author":"Frank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22099","article-title":"Neurocircuit function in eating disorders","volume":"46","author":"Friederich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Eating Disord."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.043","article-title":"Effect of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on food craving","volume":"58","author":"Uher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S180231","article-title":"Neuromodulation in eating disorders and obesity: a promising way of treatment?","volume":"14","author":"J\u00e1uregui-Lobera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsych Dis Treat."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.05.013","article-title":"The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying food cravings and snack food consumption. 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