{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:59:03Z","timestamp":1790081943518,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dopamine receptor partial agonists (DRPAs; aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, and cariprazine) constitute a novel class of antipsychotics. Although they share a similar mechanism of action, DRPAs differ in their pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, or safety and tolerability. The antipsychotic efficacy of all three drugs was established in several placebo-controlled randomized trials (RCTs) in schizophrenia, both acute phase and relapse prevention. In addition, each of the DRPA agents has been tested in other psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder or major depression. However, a few studies have examined their comparative clinical efficacy. There are no head-to-head comparisons between aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, or cariprazine. In two acute schizophrenia RCTs of cariprazine and brexpiprazole, aripiprazole was used as an indirect comparator to control for study sensitivity. To assess potential differences in the efficacy of DRPAs, we reviewed data from controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Our results showed that the acute antipsychotic effects of DRPAs, as measured by the number needed to treat, are comparable. The three agents were superior to placebo in acute treatment, and cariprazine was found to be effective in the reduction of primary negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In the therapy of bipolar disorder, aripiprazole and cariprazine showed antimanic efficacy, cariprazine was also effective in the management of bipolar depression, and aripiprazole was effective for relapse prevention. The addon administration of aripiprazole or brexpiprazole reduced symptoms of major depression. Aripiprazole can control acute agitation associated with psychosis or bipolar disorder; brexpiprazole showed the potential to manage agitation in dementia patients. Aripiprazole has also established evidence of efficacy in children and adolescents and other conditions: OCD, tic disorders, and autism spectrum disorder. Our review of published data suggests that in terms of clinical efficacy, DRPAs are a heterogeneous group, with each drug possessing its own therapeutic benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:08:25Z","timestamp":1643069305000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Dopamine Receptor Partial Agonists: Do They Differ in Their Clinical Efficacy?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pavel","family":"Mohr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jir\u00ed","family":"Masopust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miloslav","family":"Kope\u010dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.177901","article-title":"The American psychiatric association practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia","volume":"177","author":"Keepers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200620050-00004","article-title":"Mechanism of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs and the neurobiology of schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Horacek","year":"2006","journal-title":"CNS Drugs."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01249001","article-title":"Dopamine receptor agonists: intrinsic activity vs. state of receptor","volume":"57","author":"Carlsson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neural Transm."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125316672136","article-title":"Brexpiprazole and cariprazine: distinguishing two new atypical antipsychotics from the original dopamine stabilizer aripiprazole","volume":"7","author":"Frankel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Adv Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11691","article-title":"Automated design of ligands to polypharmacological profiles","volume":"492","author":"Besnard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.5262","article-title":"Reports of pathological gambling, hypersexuality, and compulsive shopping associated with dopamine receptor agonist drugs","volume":"174","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12752","article-title":"The ABC's of dopamine receptor partial agonists - aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine: the 15-min challenge to sort these agents out","volume":"69","author":"Citrome","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31135-3","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of adults with multi-episode schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"394","author":"Huhn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07061035","article-title":"A multiple-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of oral aripiprazole for treatment of adolescents with schizophrenia","volume":"165","author":"Findling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0910","article-title":"Aripiprazole for the prevention of relapse in stabilized patients with chronic schizophrenia: a placebo-controlled 26-week study","volume":"64","author":"Pigott","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145703003651","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole vs. haloperidol for long-term maintenance treatment following acute relapse of schizophrenia","volume":"6","author":"Kasper","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyw076","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole (OPC-34712) as maintenance treatment in adults with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"20","author":"Fleischhacker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.06.030","article-title":"Long-term cariprazine treatment for the prevention of relapse in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"176","author":"Durgam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418772351","article-title":"Augmentation strategies for clozapine refractory schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Siskind","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30060-0","article-title":"Cariprazine versus risperidone monotherapy for treatment of predominant negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"389","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.10.018","article-title":"Aripiprazole monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis","volume":"133","author":"Fountoulakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD005000","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005000.pub2","article-title":"Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania","volume":"12","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120985102","article-title":"Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and one open-label, long-term trial of brexpiprazole for the acute treatment of bipolar mania","volume":"35","author":"Vieta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.09.040","article-title":"Clinically relevant response and remission outcomes in cariprazine-treated patients with bipolar I disorder","volume":"226","author":"Earley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12850","article-title":"Cariprazine in the treatment of bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Pinto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0b013e3181618eb4","article-title":"Aripiprazole monotherapy in nonpsychotic bipolar I depression: results of 2 randomized, placebo-controlled studies","volume":"28","author":"Thase","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B22","unstructured":""},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0414","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 26-week trial of aripiprazole in recently manic patients with bipolar I disorder","volume":"67","author":"Keck","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n1003","article-title":"Aripiprazole monotherapy for maintenance therapy in bipolar I disorder: a 100-week, double-blind study versus placebo","volume":"68","author":"Keck","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.11.042","article-title":"Efficacy of aripiprazole versus placebo as adjuncts to lithium or valproate in relapse prevention of manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I patients stratified by index manic or mixed episode","volume":"147","author":"Yatham","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05164yel","article-title":"Acute treatment of pediatric bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed episode, with aripiprazole: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"70","author":"Findling","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12042","article-title":"Aripiprazole for the treatment of pediatric bipolar I disorder: a 30-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"15","author":"Findling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07104","article-title":"Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled long-term maintenance study of aripiprazole in children with bipolar disorder","volume":"73","author":"Findling","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04726","article-title":"Aripiprazole in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder comorbid with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"70","author":"Tramontina","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2016.0160","article-title":"A double-blind and placebo-controlled trial of aripiprazole in symptomatic youths at genetic high risk for bipolar disorder","volume":"27","author":"Findling","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3283502791","article-title":"Efficacy of adjunctive aripiprazole in patients with major depressive disorder who showed minimal response to initial antidepressant therapy","volume":"27","author":"Nelson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyz040","article-title":"Brexpiprazole as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder following treatment failure with at least one antidepressant in the current episode: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Kishi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10070","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adjunctive cariprazine in inadequate responders to antidepressants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adult patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"77","author":"Durgam","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B34","first-page":"62","article-title":"Cariprazine augmentation to antidepressant therapy in major depressive disorder: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"48","author":"Earley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000235","article-title":"Efficacy of adjunctive low-dose cariprazine in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Fava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2013.764989","article-title":"Aripiprazole in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"De Deyn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000178415.22309.8f","article-title":"Aripiprazole for the treatment of psychosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"25","author":"De Deyn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318165db77","article-title":"randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of aripiprazole for the treatment of psychosis in nursing home patients with Alzheimer disease","volume":"16","author":"Streim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181557b47","article-title":"Aripiprazole for the treatment of psychoses in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer dementia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled assessment of three fixed doses","volume":"15","author":"Mintzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.09.009","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's dementia: two 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"28","author":"Grossberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31820e3db6","article-title":"Effect of aripiprazole augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors or clomipramine in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"31","author":"Muscatello","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21996","article-title":"Effects of aripiprazole augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (a double blind clinical trial)","volume":"29","author":"Sayyah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.1169","article-title":"The comparison of aripiprazole and risperidone augmentation in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single-blind, randomised study","volume":"26","author":"Selvi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125314560739","article-title":"Aripiprazole versus quetiapine in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Shoja Shafti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Adv Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.01.014","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotics as augmentations in adults with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a network meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.04.013","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of aripiprazole for tic disorders in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"254","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-124872","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of antipsychotic drugs for tic disorders: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S174622","article-title":"Aripiprazole in acute treatment of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Maneeton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."},{"key":"B49","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Aripiprazole, alcohol and substance abuse: a review","volume":"16","author":"Brunetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.11.1105","article-title":"Efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and comorbid substance use. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Krause","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2016.1175431","article-title":"Aripiprazole for relapse prevention and craving in alcohol use disorder: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"25","author":"Martinotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0b013e3181602fd4","article-title":"randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole for the treatment of alcohol dependence","volume":"28","author":"Anton","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108089596","article-title":"Aripiprazole in the treatment of patients with alcohol dependence: a double-blind, comparison trial vs. naltrexone","volume":"23","author":"Martinotti","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09168","article-title":"Aripiprazole once-monthly in the acute treatment of schizophrenia: findings from a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"75","author":"Kane","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09741","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of aripiprazole lauroxil in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia","volume":"76","author":"Meltzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07530","article-title":"Aripiprazole intramuscular depot as maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia: a 52-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"73","author":"Kane","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.134213","article-title":"Aripiprazole once-monthly for treatment of schizophrenia: double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority study","volume":"205","author":"Fleischhacker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.12.013","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole once-monthly in Asian patients with schizophrenia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study versus oral aripiprazole","volume":"161","author":"Ishigooka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16m11201","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole once-monthly in the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week randomized withdrawal study","volume":"78","author":"Calabrese","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.10.035","article-title":"Symptoms and functioning with aripiprazole once-monthly injection as maintenance treatment for bipolar I disorder","volume":"227","author":"Calabrese","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.07.007","article-title":"Qualify: a randomized head-to-head study of aripiprazole once-monthly and paliperidone palmitate in the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"168","author":"Naber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S171002","article-title":"Head-to-head comparison of 1-year aripiprazole long-acting injectable (LAI) versus paliperidone LAI in comorbid psychosis and substance use disorder: impact on clinical status, substance craving, and quality of life","volume":"14","author":"Cuomo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0541-x","article-title":"Intramuscular aripiprazole for the treatment of acute agitation in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with intramuscular haloperidol","volume":"188","author":"Andrezina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n0115","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intramuscular aripiprazole in patients with acute agitation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"68","author":"Tran-Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b13e318033bd5e","article-title":"Management of acute agitation in patients with bipolar disorder: efficacy and safety of intramuscular aripiprazole","volume":"27","author":"Zimbroff","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2008.06.006","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled tolerability study of intramuscular aripiprazole in acutely agitated patients with Alzheimer's, vascular, or mixed dementia","volume":"10","author":"Rappaport","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1574","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m09997","article-title":"Cariprazine in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: a fixed-dose, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Durgam","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000123","article-title":"The effect of brexpiprazole (OPC-34712) and aripiprazole in adult patients with acute schizophrenia: results from a randomized, exploratory study","volume":"31","author":"Citrome","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B69","first-page":"24","article-title":"Aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, and cariprazine: not all the same","volume":"17","author":"Citrome","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatr."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811211013579","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of combination treatments for major depression: antidepressants plus second-generation antipsychotics vs. esketamine vs. lithium","volume":"35","author":"V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.05.016","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of treatments for bipolar depression","volume":"183","author":"V\u00e1zquez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03220-3","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of atypical antipsychotics for acute bipolar depression: a network meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Kadakia","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13397","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.13397","article-title":"Cariprazine for bipolar depression: What is the number needed to treat, number needed to harm and likelihood to be helped or harmed?","volume":"73","author":"Citrome","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-020-05472-5","article-title":"Aripiprazole vs. brexpiprazole for acute schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"237","author":"Kishi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714001305","article-title":"A network meta-analysis on comparative efficacy and all-cause discontinuation of antimanic treatments in acute bipolar mania","volume":"45","author":"Yildiz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-020-00718-4","article-title":"Comparative tolerability of dopamine D2\/3 receptor partial agonists for schizophrenia","volume":"34","author":"Keks","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Drugs."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2021.05.001","article-title":"Do cariprazine and brexpiprazole cause impulse control symptoms? A case\/non-case study","volume":"50","author":"Zazu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.8.7.1079","article-title":"Antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia: likelihood to be helped or harmed, understanding proximal and distal benefits and risks","volume":"8","author":"Citrome","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2019.06.008","article-title":"Novel antipsychotics specificity profile: a clinically oriented review of lurasidone, brexpiprazole, cariprazine and lumateperone","volume":"29","author":"Corponi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B80","first-page":"83","article-title":"Neurochemical characteristics of amisulpride, an atypical dopamine D2\/D3 receptor antagonist with both presynaptic and limbic selectivity","volume":"280","author":"Schoemaker","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-018-0869-3","article-title":"Antipsychotic drugs for patients with schizophrenia and predominant or prominent negative symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"268","author":"Krause","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200004000-00018","article-title":"Subject selection for the placebo- and comparator-controlled trials of neuroleptics in schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Mohr","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781946\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:08:31Z","timestamp":1643069311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781946\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"article-number":"781946"}}