{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T05:29:59Z","timestamp":1785216599417,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> Cariprazine is a new atypical antipsychotic approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia (<jats:xref>1<\/jats:xref>, <jats:xref>2<\/jats:xref>) and for the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder (<jats:xref>1<\/jats:xref>). Recently, cariprazine also got extended FDA-approval for the treatment of depressive episodes in adults with bipolar I disorder (<jats:xref>3<\/jats:xref>). The use of low doses of atypical antipsychotics is an essential component of early intervention in psychosis. For its particular performance and tolerability, cariprazine is becoming an important option for the treatment of first-episode psychosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold> Three patients experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) were successfully treated with cariprazine. Two patients were in their first months of the disease, and the third patient was in his third year after the FEP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The three patients had a diagnosis of non-affective FEP, which includes schizophrenia, delusional disorder, and schizoaffective disorder. One of them was in their third year after the FEP with a predominance of negative symptoms at this stage of the disorder. All the patients were treated with cariprazine with a target dose of 3\u20134.5 mg\/day. The three patients showed improvements in their psychosis, including a decrease in negative symptoms. No significant side effects were reported.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Our three case reports indicate that cariprazine is an atypical antipsychotic beneficial in the treatment of early psychosis. Treatment with low doses of cariprazine could be effective and tolerable in this phase of the disorder. Future studies with longer follow-up of FEP patients are recommended to confirm these positive results of cariprazine in the early phases of psychosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.788281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T09:55:59Z","timestamp":1639648559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cariprazine Use in Early Psychosis: Three Case Reports"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Coentre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Sereijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"2015"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"2017"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"2019"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.1.19","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence of psychotic and bipolar I disorders in a general population","volume":"64","author":"Per\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002796","article-title":"Systematic review and collaborative recalculation of 133, 693 incident cases of schizophrenia","volume":"44","author":"Van Der Werf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710001406","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the risk for psychotic disorders among first- and second-generation immigrants","volume":"41","author":"Bourque","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16010103","article-title":"The epidemiology of first-episode psychosis in early intervention in psychosis services: findings from the social epidemiology of psychoses in east Anglia [SEPEA] study","volume":"174","author":"Kirkbride","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31660","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031660","article-title":"Incidence of schizophrenia and other psychoses in England, 1950-2009: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"7","author":"Kirkbride","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03590.x","article-title":"The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe","volume":"19","author":"Olesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000284","article-title":"Early intervention in psychosis: obvious, effective, overdue","volume":"203","author":"McGorry","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv016","article-title":"A Systematic review of the effect of early interventions for psychosis on the usage of inpatient services","volume":"41","author":"Randall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.0621","article-title":"Early intervention\u2014an implementation challenge for 21st century mental health care","volume":"75","author":"McGorry","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s120","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.48.s120","article-title":"International clinical practice guidelines for early psychosis","volume":"48","author":"Addington","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry Suppl"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp116","article-title":"The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychopharmacological treatment recommendations and summary statements","volume":"36","author":"Buchanan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull."},{"key":"B15","unstructured":"OverviewPsychosis And Schizophrenia In Adults: Prevention And Management.2014"},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"Australian Clinical Guidelines for Early Psychosis, Second Edition","author":"Early","year":"2016"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2017.09.221","article-title":"Review of cariprazine in management of psychiatric illness","volume":"7","author":"Campbell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ment Heal Clin."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.160432","article-title":"Cariprazine (RGH-188), a dopamine D3 receptor-preferring, D 3\/D2 dopamine receptor antagonist-partial agonist antipsychotic candidate: in vitro and neurochemical profile","volume":"333","author":"Kiss","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-012-0806-3","article-title":"Dopamine D3 receptor antagonism-Still a therapeutic option for the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"386","author":"Gross","year":"2013","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12752","article-title":"The ABC's of dopamine receptor partial agonists-Aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine: The 15-min challenge to sort these agents out","volume":"69","author":"Citrome","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.11.041","article-title":"An evaluation of the safety and efficacy of cariprazine in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: a phase II, randomized clinical trial","volume":"152","author":"Durgam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1574","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m09997","article-title":"Cariprazine in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: a fixed-dose, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Durgam","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000346","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cariprazine in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: results from an international, phase III clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Kane","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S95100","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology study of cariprazine (MP-214) in patients with schizophrenia (12-week treatment)","volume":"10","author":"Nakamura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000189","article-title":"Cariprazine specificity profile in the treatment of acute schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized-controlled trials","volume":"32","author":"Corponi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2020.1845315","article-title":"Cariprazine as a therapeutic option for schizophrenia: a drug evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Mucci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000834","article-title":"Efficacy and acceptability of cariprazine in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31135-3","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of adults with multi-episode schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"394","author":"Huhn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.06.030","article-title":"Long-term cariprazine treatment for the prevention of relapse in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"176","author":"Durgam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2021.19.1.174","article-title":"Cariprazine add-on in inadequate clozapine response: a report on two cases","volume":"19","author":"De Berardis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3371\/1935-1232-10.2.109","article-title":"Cariprazine for the treatment of schizophrenia: a Review of this dopamine D3-preferring D3\/D2 receptor partial agonist","volume":"10","author":"Citrome","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30060-0","article-title":"Cariprazine versus risperidone monotherapy for treatment of predominant negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"389","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3554","article-title":"Treated incidence of psychotic disorders in the multinational EU-GEI study","volume":"75","author":"Jongsma","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5144","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160701084447","article-title":"The novel antipsychotic cariprazine (RGH-188): state-of-the-art in the treatment of psychiatric disorders","volume":"22","author":"Berardis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.11.016","article-title":"Effects of cariprazine, a novel antipsychotic, on cognitive deficit and negative symptoms in a rodent model of schizophrenia symptomatology","volume":"26","author":"Neill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyx038","article-title":"Cariprazine exhibits anxiolytic and dopamine D3 receptor-dependent antidepressant effects in the chronic stress model","volume":"20","author":"Duric","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.10.008","article-title":"Efficacy of cariprazine across symptom domains in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: pooled analyses from 3 phase II\/III studies","volume":"29","author":"Marder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125318765725","article-title":"Dilemmas in the treatment of early-onset first-episode psychosis","volume":"8","author":"Hayes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther Adv Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0382-z","article-title":"Tolerability and safety profile of cariprazine in treating psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"30","author":"Lao","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S159704","article-title":"Cariprazine for acute and maintenance treatment of adults with schizophrenia: an evidence-based review and place in therapy","volume":"14","author":"Citrome","year":"2918","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S301225","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of cariprazine in patients with schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of eight phase ii\/iii studies","volume":"17","author":"Barab\u00e1ssy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S117321","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and risks associated with first-and second-generation antipsychotics: a state-of-the-art clinical review","volume":"13","author":"Solmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.7090su1cj","article-title":"The expert consensus guideline series: adherence problems in patients with serious and persistent mental illness","volume":"70","author":"Bellack","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000284","article-title":"Rapid improvement of obsessive-compulsive disorder associated with schizophrenia with cariprazine add-on in a subject under paliperidone long-acting injection: a case report","volume":"35","author":"De Berardis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.788281\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T09:56:12Z","timestamp":1639648572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.788281\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.788281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.788281","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"article-number":"788281"}}