{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:12:08Z","timestamp":1790356328582,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":206,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Psychiatric symptoms frequently predate or complicate neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases. Symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD), like mood, behavioral, and psychotic alterations, are known to occur \u2013 individually or as a syndromic cluster \u2013 in Parkinson\u2019s disease and in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Nonetheless, due to shared pathophysiological mechanisms, or genetic predisposition, several other neurological disorders show significant, yet neglected, clinical and biological overlaps with BSD like neuroinflammation, ion channel dysfunctions, neurotransmission imbalance, or neurodegeneration. BSD pathophysiology is still largely unclear, but large-scale network dysfunctions are known to participate in the onset of mood disorders and psychotic symptoms. Thus, functional alterations can unleash BSD symptoms years before the evidence of an organic disease of the central nervous system. The aim of our narrative review was to illustrate the numerous intersections between BSD and neurological disorders from a clinical-biological point of view and the underlying predisposing factors, to guide future diagnostic and therapeutical research in the field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1046471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T09:13:50Z","timestamp":1671614030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bipolar spectrum disorders in neurologic disorders"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Digiovanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Ajdinaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirella","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano L.","family":"Sensi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Onofrj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyz018","article-title":"Improving functioning, quality of life, and well-being in patients with bipolar disorder.","volume":"22","author":"Bonn\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-018-0897-8","article-title":"Medical comorbidities in bipolar disorder.","volume":"20","author":"Sinha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"947","year":"2013","journal-title":"DSM-5 Task Force., Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders : DSM-5."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2007.06.001","article-title":"Bipolar spectrum disorder: differential diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"34","author":"Muzina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prim Care."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28745","article-title":"Preexisting bipolar disorder influences the subsequent phenotype of Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"36","author":"Onofrj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0767-399X(96)80069-1","article-title":"The birth of the bipolar disorder.","volume":"10","author":"Pichot","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"89","article-title":"[Significance of twin birth for the appearance of cyclic psychoses].","volume":"28","author":"Leonhard","year":"1976","journal-title":"Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol."},{"key":"B8","first-page":"4221","article-title":"[Cyclic psychoses \u2013 a typical case].","volume":"74","author":"Groth","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lakartidningen."},{"key":"B9","first-page":"13","article-title":"Chronic cyclic schizoaffective psychosis.","volume":"17","author":"Solow","year":"1953","journal-title":"Bull Menninger Clin."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16030375","article-title":"Kahlbaum, Hecker, and Kraepelin and the transition from psychiatric symptom complexes to empirical disease forms.","volume":"174","author":"Kendler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psychotherapy.1977.31.4.546","article-title":"New ideas on mental disorders.","volume":"31","author":"Wolman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Psychother."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.107.449.633","article-title":"Cycloid psychoses\u2013endogenous psychoses which are neither schizophrenic nor manic-depressive.","volume":"107","author":"Leonhard","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Ment Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/s0193-953x(05)70093-9","article-title":"The evolving bipolar spectrum. 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