{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:25:55Z","timestamp":1753892755263,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been widely used as a promising therapy for tinnitus. However, the exact target and stimulation sequence of rTMS that is most effective for treating tinnitus remains unclear. Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old man with treatment-refractory tinnitus and depression whose symptoms markedly improved after undergoing low-frequency rTMS over the right-side dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left auditory cortex area. Our report indicates that low-frequency rTMS treatment that stimulates multiple brain regions sequentially is feasible and may clinically benefit patients with tinnitus and depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.847618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T08:41:27Z","timestamp":1646815287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Case Report: Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Auditory Cortex in a Patient With Tinnitus and Depression"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chun-Hung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Lung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hui","family":"Shieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han-Yuan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Syuan","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Chi","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1506631","article-title":"Tinnitus","volume":"378","author":"Bauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-014-0283-0","article-title":"Use of cortical stimulation in neuropathic pain, tinnitus, depression, and movement disorders","volume":"11","author":"Panov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2004.08.010","article-title":"The neuroscience of tinnitus","volume":"27","author":"Eggermont","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2020.03.005","article-title":"Perception of, and reaction to, tinnitus: the depression factor","volume":"53","author":"Husain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819835178","article-title":"Depression in patients with tinnitus: a systematic review","volume":"161","author":"Salazar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00028","article-title":"A Multimodal meta-analysis of structural and functional changes in the brain of tinnitus","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.026","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation: a primer","volume":"55","author":"Hallett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.08.016","article-title":"Safety, ethical considerations, and application guidelines for the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in clinical practice and research","volume":"120","author":"Rossi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.11.002","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS): an update (2014-2018)","volume":"131","author":"Lefaucheur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-021-00238-y","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: recent critical advances in patient care","volume":"11","author":"Cosmo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Treat Options Psychiatry"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1497","article-title":"Association of central noninvasive brain stimulation interventions with efficacy and safety in tinnitus management: a meta-analysis","volume":"146","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060521999549","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060521999549","article-title":"An updated meta-analysis: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating tinnitus","volume":"49","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Int Med Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.763181","article-title":"Combined rTMS to the auditory cortex and prefrontal cortex for tinnitus control in patients with depression: a pilot study","volume":"133","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890140029007","article-title":"Development of the tinnitus handicap inventory","volume":"122","author":"Newman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20050","article-title":"The DSM-5: classification and criteria changes","volume":"12","author":"Regier","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Psychiatry."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x","article-title":"Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness","volume":"6","author":"Hamilton","year":"1967","journal-title":"Br J Soc Clin Psychol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","article-title":"An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.09.006","article-title":"An efficient and accurate new method for locating the F3 position for prefrontal TMS applications","volume":"2","author":"Beam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00126","article-title":"Individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment in chronic tinnitus?","volume":"8","author":"Kreuzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.25.1.2","article-title":"Underlying mechanisms of tinnitus: review and clinical implications","volume":"25","author":"Henry","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Audiol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2015.06.005","article-title":"Tinnitus: maladaptive auditory-somatosensory plasticity","volume":"334","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hear Res."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000178146.91139.3c","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus: influence of tinnitus duration on stimulation parameter choice and maximal tinnitus suppression","volume":"26","author":"De Ridder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21425","article-title":"Variable changes in PET activity before and after rTMS treatment for tinnitus","volume":"121","author":"Mennemeier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Laryngoscope."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.575178","article-title":"Tinnitus and depression","volume":"12","author":"Langguth","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD003853","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003853.pub2","article-title":"Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus","volume":"4","author":"Baldo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.08.004","article-title":"Antidepressant therapy in tinnitus","volume":"226","author":"Robinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hear Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.08.052","article-title":"Functional MRI evidence for a role of ventral prefrontal cortex in tinnitus","volume":"1485","author":"Seydell-Greenwald","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.10.029","article-title":"A key role of the prefrontal cortex in the maintenance of chronic tinnitus: an fMRI study using a Stroop task","volume":"17","author":"Araneda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07778.x","article-title":"Bifrontal transcranial direct current stimulation modulates tinnitus intensity and tinnitus-distress-related brain activity","volume":"34","author":"Vanneste","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5316-03.2004","article-title":"Preconditioning of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with transcranial direct current stimulation: evidence for homeostatic plasticity in the human motor cortex","volume":"24","author":"Siebner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.847618\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T08:41:30Z","timestamp":1646815290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.847618\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.847618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.847618","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-0640"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"article-number":"847618"}}