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Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) is a viable therapeutic option for patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia. We found that there is a relationship between MECT and leukocytosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of this problem. There are no relevant guidelines recommending the risk of leukocytosis caused by MECT, nor the method to reduce the risk. We hope to share this case to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of similar patients with leukocytosis during or after MECT and remind psychiatrists to pay attention to this risk of leukocytosis before making the decision of MECT while knowing how to deal with it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>We describe a case of a 24-year-old woman diagnosed with Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) whose symptoms began at 19 years old. Her main clinical manifestations are feeling targeted, cheated, tracked, misunderstood, and repeating action. Since antipsychotic treatment was ineffective, we considered MECT. After MECT, the patient\u2019s body temperature increased, and leukocytosis was found. After excluding infection and other possibilities, we added 1,000 ml physiological saline to the patient through the vein. The white blood cell (WBC) count returned to normal in a short time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Before MECT, it is necessary to screen blood cytology. During and after MECT, we should be alert to leukocytosis that may be related to MECT and deal with it correctly in time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.899847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T05:31:46Z","timestamp":1653543106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Case Report of Leukocytosis During Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy of Paranoid Personality Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Mu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peilin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shangtao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zengxiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuangqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"reference":[{"journal-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines.","year":"1992","key":"B1"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3182843942","article-title":"Changes of cytokine profiles during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depression.","volume":"29","author":"Rotter","year":"2013","journal-title":"J ECT."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2006.00312.x","article-title":"Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy for recurrent refractory mania.","volume":"8","author":"Nascimento","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379704200503","article-title":"A review of continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy.","volume":"42","author":"Rabheru","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327113493305","article-title":"Inflammation and schizophrenia: alterations in cytokine levels and perturbation in antioxidative defense systems.","volume":"33","author":"Al-Asmari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4075","article-title":"Effects of the modified electric convulsive treatment (MECT) on cell factors of schizophrenia.","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s40473-017-0116-7","article-title":"Mistrustful and Misunderstood: a review of paranoid personality disorder.","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Behav Neurosci Rep."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v65n0711","article-title":"Prevalence, correlates, and disability of personality disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions.","volume":"65","author":"Grant","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p. 337","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315785004-19","article-title":"Cognitive biases and abnormal beliefs: towards a model of persecutory delusions.","author":"Bentall","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00000030","article-title":"Modeling a paranoid mind.","volume":"4","author":"Colby","year":"1981","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1474-8673.2003.00280.x","article-title":"Autonomic innervation of immune organs and neuroimmune modulation.","volume":"23","author":"Mignini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Auton Autacoid Pharmacol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby017.534","article-title":"F3. 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