{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:21:06Z","timestamp":1791336066641,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) tend to cluster together in daily life, and most studies focus on the level of depression at certain points, but the dynamic process of depression is often neglected. Thus, research is urgently needed to explore the relationship between ACEs pattern and trajectory of depressive symptom levels at multiple time points in order to provides early targeted interventions to those who are most at risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to explore patterns of ACEs, including types and timing, associated with depression trajectories in college students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A school-based health survey was used to collect data as part of a longitudinal study in two medical college in Anhui province, China. Questionnaires were issued to 3,662 participants aged 17\u201322 and recorded details of ACEs (types and timing) and depression. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify \u201cpatterns\u201d of ACEs type and timing. Depressive symptom trajectories employed latent class growth analysis (LCGA). Multiple logistic regressions were employed to evaluate the relationships between ACEs patterns and depressive symptom trajectories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified five ACEs patterns: \u201cHigh neglect\/emotional abuse\/community violence,\u201d \u201cHigh neglect\/emotional abuse,\u201d \u201cHigh neglect\/family dysfunction,\u201d \u201cHigh neglect,\u201d \u201cLow ACEs.\u201d We traced three depression trajectories: \u201cHigh depressive symptom\u201d \u201cModerate depressive symptom,\u201d \u201cLow depressive symptom.\u201d \u201cHigh neglect\/emotional abuse\/community violence,\u201d \u201cHigh neglect\/emotional abuse\u201d and \u201cHigh neglect\/family dysfunction\u201d demonstrated a high risk for \u201cHigh depressive symptom\u201d and \u201cModerate depressive symptom.\u201d \u201cHigh neglect\u201d showed a high risk for \u201cModerate depressive symptom\u201d but not for \u201cHigh depressive symptom\u201d (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings address the need for a comprehensive consideration of exposure to childhood adversity associated with the risk of depression in young adults through identifying more problematic ACEs patterns amongst exposed children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.918092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T07:35:08Z","timestamp":1658734508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptom trajectories in young adults: A longitudinal study of college students in 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