{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:24:53Z","timestamp":1793064293136,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health care provided to offenders with psychiatric problems in forensic settings mainly consists of verbal oriented treatments. In addition, experience-based therapies are used such as (creative) arts therapies: (visual) art therapy, music therapy, drama therapy and dance (movement) therapy. There are indications for effectiveness of arts therapies, but a systematic overview of effect studies of all arts therapies in forensic care is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>First, we performed a systematic review. Second, Thematic Analysis was used to synthesize the qualitative narrative results and define the hypothesized mechanisms of change. Third, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of arts therapies in reducing psychosocial problems of offenders. Twenty-three studies were included in the review. Quality and risk of bias was assessed using EPHPP (Effective Public Health Practice Project).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The included studies were heterogeneous in type of outcome measures and intervention characteristics. Synthesis of mechanisms of change involved in the methodical use of the arts in arts therapies resulted in a description of regulatory processes which are stimulated in arts therapies: perceptive awareness (interoceptive and exteroceptive), the regulation of emotions, stress, impulses, cognitions, social regulation, and self-expression. These processes play a role in developing prevention, coping and self-management skills. Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analyses (11 RCTs\/CCTs; 7 pre-post studies). The meta-analyses indicated significant effects on both risk factors (psychiatric symptoms and addiction) and protective factors for criminal behavior (social functioning and psychological functioning). Effects on criminal and\/or antisocial behavior were not significant, but this outcome measure was scarcely used among the studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analyses in this study should be considered explorative. More research is needed to gain more solid conclusions about effectiveness and mechanisms of change of arts therapies in forensic institutions. However, the results of this first systematic review, synthesis of mechanisms and meta-analysis in this field are promising and show effects of arts therapies on risk and protective factors in individuals in forensic institutions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020217884<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier: CRD42020217884.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1128252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T02:06:35Z","timestamp":1684461995000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effectiveness and mechanisms of the arts therapies in forensic care. A systematic review, narrative synthesis, and meta analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Abbing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Haeyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sashank","family":"Nyapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Verboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan van","family":"Hooren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Kenmerken van justitiabelen: een systematisch literatuuronderzoek [Characteristics of litigants: a systematic literature review]. Netherlands Centre for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement2021"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00452","article-title":"Mapping systematic reviews on forensic psychiatric care: a systematic review identifying knowledge gaps","volume":"9","author":"Howner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Forensic Care2023"},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"Onderzoek naar ontoerekeningsvatbaarheid verdachte | Tbs en overige forensische zorg | Rijksoverheid.nl. Rijksoverheid.nl2023"},{"key":"B5","volume-title":"Schemagerichte cognitieve therapie voor persoonlijkheidsstoornissen [Schema-focused cognitive therapy for personality disorders]","author":"Arntz","year":"2000"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03062263","article-title":"Schemagerichte therapie in de forensische setting: theoretisch model en voorstellen voor best clinical practice [Schema-focused therapy in the forensic setting: theoretical model and proposals for best clinical practice]","volume":"33","author":"Bernstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tijdschr Psychother."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351171847","volume-title":"Creative Methods in Schema Therapy: Advances and Innvovation in Clinical Practice","author":"Heath","year":"2020"},{"key":"B8","volume-title":"Vaktherapie\u00ebn in de forensische psychiatrie [Arts therapies in forensic psychiatry]","author":"Smeijsters","year":"2005"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572549","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.572549","article-title":"Music therapy interventions for stress reduction in adults with mild intellectual disabilities: perspectives from clinical practice","volume":"11","author":"De Witte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X20923256","article-title":"Longitudinal network structure and changes of clinical risk and protective factors in a nationwide sample of forensic psychiatric patients","volume":"64","author":"Bogaerts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B11","unstructured":"About Art Therapy"},{"key":"B12","unstructured":"What is Dance\/Movement Therapy?."},{"key":"B13","unstructured":"What is Music Therapy?"},{"key":"B14","volume-title":"Art Therapy and Healthcare","author":"Malchiodi","year":"2013"},{"key":"B15","unstructured":"What is Drama Therapy?"},{"key":"B16","unstructured":"Langdurige forensisch psychiatrische zorg: Landelijk zorgprogramma voor pati\u00ebnten binnen de langdurige forensische psychiatrie [Long-Term Forensic Psychiatric Care: National Care Programme for Patients Within Long-Term Forensic Psychiatry]. Expertise Center Forensic Psychiatry2014"},{"key":"B17","unstructured":"2018"},{"key":"B18","volume-title":"Forensic Arts Therapies: Anthology of Practice and Research","author":"Rothwell","year":"2016"},{"key":"B19","first-page":"123","article-title":"Investigation vs. intervention: forensic art therapy and art therapy in forensic settings","volume":"40","author":"Gussak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Art Ther."},{"key":"B20","unstructured":"Making offence-related behavior observable: music therapy as an assessment tool for forensic psychiatric patients513\n            HakvoortL\n          Dutch J. Music Ther.2007"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429286940","volume-title":"Art and Art Therapy with the Imprisoned: Re-creating Identity","author":"Gussak","year":"2019"},{"key":"B22","volume-title":"Effects of art therapy: the case of personality disorders cluster B\/C","author":"Haeyen","year":"2018"},{"key":"B23","volume-title":"Evidence gap map: vaktherapie in de forensische psychiatrie: eindrapport [Evidence Gap Map: Arts Therapies in Forensic Psychiatry: Final Report]","author":"Madani-Abbing","year":"2021"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2005.07.001","article-title":"The treatment of aggression using arts therapies in forensic psychiatry: results of a qualitative inquiry","volume":"33","author":"Smeijsters","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2011.06.003","article-title":"Arts with offenders: a literature synthesis","volume":"38","author":"Meekums","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000214","article-title":"Outcomes of psychological therapies for prisoners with mental health problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s11292-015-9250-y","article-title":"Music therapy for improving mental health problems of offenders in correctional settings: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Criminol"},{"key":"B28","unstructured":"AbbingA\n            Br\u00fclsV\n            HaeyenS\n            Van HoorenS\n          Review Protocol: Effectiveness of the Arts Therapies in Forensic Psychiatric Care (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020217884)2020"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2019"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement","volume":"4","author":"Moher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Syst Rev."},{"key":"B31","unstructured":"2009"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854811406356","article-title":"The risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model: does adding the good lives model contribute to effective crime prevention?","volume":"38","author":"Andrews","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crim. Justice Behav."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/10683160410001662744","article-title":"The good lives model and conceptual issues in offender rehabilitation","volume":"10","author":"Ward","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Crime Law."},{"key":"B34","unstructured":"SpreenM, Brand, E, Ter Horst, P, Bogaerts, S,. Handleiding en methodologische verantwoording HKT-R (Historisch, Klinische en Toekomstige-Revisie) [Manual Methodological Justification HKT-R, Historical, Clinical Future\u2013Revised].\n          2014"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107","article-title":"Distribution theory for Glass's estimator of effect size and eelated estimators","volume":"6","author":"Hedges","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Educ Stat."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03","article-title":"Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package","volume":"36","author":"Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Stat Softw."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986018003271","article-title":"Estimation of effect size from a series of experiments involving paired comparisons","volume":"18","author":"Gibbons","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Educ Behav Stat."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2005.11.003","article-title":"Effects of art therapy with prison inmates: a follow-up study","volume":"33","author":"Gussak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2069","article-title":"Effect of an art brut therapy program called go beyond the schizophrenia (GBTS) on prison inmates with schizophrenia in mainland China - a randomized, longitudinal, and controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2016.44.6.987","article-title":"House\u2013Tree\u2013Person drawing therapy as an intervention for prisoners' prerelease anxiety","volume":"44","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc Behav Pers."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2008.10.002","article-title":"The effects of art therapy on male and female inmates: advancing the research base","volume":"36","author":"Gussak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2009.02.004","article-title":"Comparing the effectiveness of art therapy on depression and locus of control of male and female inmates","volume":"36","author":"Gussak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2004.06.001","article-title":"Art therapy with prison inmates: a pilot study","volume":"31","author":"Gussak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X06294137","article-title":"The effectiveness of art therapy in reducing depression in prison populations","volume":"51","author":"Gussak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2014.10.008","article-title":"Breaking barriers: evaluating an arts-based emotion regulation training in prison","volume":"42","author":"Koch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2011.09.005","article-title":"Arts therapies and schema focused therapy: a pilot study","volume":"38","author":"Van den Broek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arts Psychother"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00570","article-title":"Musical attention control training for psychotic psychiatric patients: an experimental pilot study in a forensic psychiatric hospital","volume":"13","author":"Van Alphen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1026\/0933-6885.15.1.16","article-title":"Ergebnisse musiktherapeutischer Entspannung im sozialtherapeutischen Strafvollzug: eine qualitativ-quantitative Orientierungsstudie [Results of music therapy relaxation in prisons: a qualitative-quantitative orientation study]","volume":"15","author":"Zeuch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X13516787","article-title":"Influence of music therapy on coping skills and anger management in forensic psychiatric patients: an exploratory study","volume":"59","author":"Hakvoort","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2016.09.005","article-title":"The effectiveness of the Nanta-program on psychiatric symptoms, interpersonal relationships, and quality of life in forensic inpatients with schizophrenia","volume":"31","author":"Jeon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1080\/08098131.2018.1529697","article-title":"Group cognitive analytic music therapy: a quasi-experimental feasibility study conducted in a high secure hospital","volume":"28","author":"Kellett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nord J Music Ther."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/24732850.2019.1670023","article-title":"Short-term music therapy attention and arousal regulation treatment (SMAART) for prisoners with posttraumatic stress disorder: a feasibility study","volume":"19","author":"Macfarlane","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychol Res Pract."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/26.3.155","article-title":"The influence of music therapy interventions on self-rated changes in relaxation, affect, and thought in psychiatric prisoner-patients","volume":"26","author":"Thaut","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Music Ther."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X13498693","article-title":"Music therapy for prisoners: pilot randomised controlled trial and implications for evaluating psychosocial interventions","volume":"58","author":"Gold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X20909216","article-title":"Long-term effects of short-term music therapy for prison inmates: six-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Gold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2017.01.003","article-title":"Evoking emotional states in personality disordered offenders: an experimental pilot study of experiential drama therapy techniques","volume":"53","author":"Keulen-de Vos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arts Psychother"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/14789940802263736","article-title":"An evaluation of group work as an intervention to reduce the impact of substance misuse for offender patients in a high security hospital","volume":"20","author":"Morris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Forens Psychiatry Psychol."},{"key":"B59","first-page":"24","article-title":"The effects of psychodrama on inmates within a structured residential behavior modification program","volume":"46","author":"Stallone","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Group Psychother Psychodrama Sociom."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2020.101650","article-title":"Psychodrama in attenuated custody prison-based treatment of substance dependence: the promotion of changes in wellbeing, spontaneity, perceived self-efficacy, and alexithymia","volume":"68","author":"Testoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X15572795","article-title":"Randomized trial of group music therapy with Chinese prisoners: impact on anxiety, depression, and self-esteem","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/11506-000","volume-title":"Psychodrama: First Volume","author":"Moreno","year":"1946"},{"key":"B63","volume-title":"Psychodrama: First Volume.","author":"Moreno","year":"1972"},{"key":"B64","volume-title":"Psychodrama: Second Volume: Foundations of Psychotherapy","author":"Moreno","year":"1959"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"V1","DOI":"10.17632\/xjpvfjznvc.1","article-title":"Dataset systematic review: arts therapies in forensic care","author":"Abbing","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mendeley Data."},{"key":"B66","volume-title":"The Self","author":"Sedikides","year":"2007"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02589","article-title":"Interoception and social connection","volume":"10","author":"Arnold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00093","article-title":"Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma","volume":"6","author":"Payne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854807306354","article-title":"The role of impulsivity in antisocial and violent behavior and personality disorders among incarcerated women","volume":"34","author":"Komarovskaya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crim Justice Behav."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13380","article-title":"It is time to develop appropriate tools for assessing minimal clinically important differences, performance bias and quality of evidence in reviews of behavioral interventions","volume":"111","author":"Grant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aip.2017.12.001","article-title":"Clown therapy: a drama therapy approach to addiction and beyond","volume":"57","author":"Gordon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arts Psychother."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/08897070802418485","article-title":"Treating addiction with tunes: a systematic review of music therapy for the treatment of patients with addictions","volume":"29","author":"Mays","year":"2008","journal-title":"Subst Abus."},{"key":"B73","volume-title":"Art Therapy and Substance Abuse: Enabling Recovery from Alcohol and Other Drug Addiction","author":"Schmanke","year":"2017"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.4.647","article-title":"Complementary therapy for addiction: \u201cdrumming out drugs\u201d","volume":"93","author":"Winkelman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12599","article-title":"Screening for intellectual disabilities and borderline intelligence in Dutch outpatients with severe mental illness","volume":"32","author":"Seelen-de Lang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e83","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.28","article-title":"Increased prevalence of intellectual disabilities in higher-intensity mental healthcare settings","volume":"7","author":"Nieuwenhuis","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJPsych Open."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1128252\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T02:07:00Z","timestamp":1684462020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1128252\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1128252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1128252","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"article-number":"1128252"}}