{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:37:00Z","timestamp":1790041020863,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of psychological factors in the pathophysiology and treatment of chronic visceral pain in disorders of gut-brain interactions (DGBI) is increasingly appreciated. Placebo research has underscored that expectations arising from the psychosocial treatment context and from prior experiences shape treatment responses. However, effects of negative expectations, i.e., nocebo effects, as they are likely crucial elements of DGBI patients\u2019 clinical reality, have thus far only rarely been investigated in the context of visceral pain, with untapped potential for improved prevention and treatment. The experimental randomized-controlled pain study \u201cNoVis,\u201d carried out within the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 289 (\u201cTreatment Expectation\u201d), aims to close gaps regarding the generation and persistence of nocebo effects in healthy volunteers. It is designed to elucidate effects of negative expectations in a multiple-threat paradigm with intensity-matched rectal distensions and cutaneous thermal stimuli, allowing to test nocebo effects in the visceral and somatic pain modalities. Negative expectations are experimentally induced by elements of doctor-patient communication (i.e., instruction) and\/or by surreptitious amplification of symptom intensity (i.e., experience\/learning) within a treatment context. Accordingly, the repeated measures between-subject design contains the between-group factors \u201ctreatment instruction\u201d (negative vs. control) and \u201ctreatment experience\u201d (negative vs. control), with volunteers randomized into four experimental groups undergoing several pain stimulation phases (repeated factor). This allows to compare the efficacy of instruction vs. experience, and more importantly, their combined effects on the magnitude of negative expectations and their impact on pain responses, which we expect will be greatest for the visceral modality. After a <jats:italic>Baseline<\/jats:italic>, short-term effects are assessed during a test phase accomplished on study day 1 (<jats:italic>Test-1 Phase<\/jats:italic>). To explore the persistence of effects, a second test phase is accomplished 1\u2009week later (<jats:italic>Test-2 Phase<\/jats:italic>). Effects of negative expectations within and across pain modalities are assessed at the subjective and objective levels, with a focus on psychophysiological and neuroendocrine measures related to stress, fear, and anxiety. Since nocebo effects can play a considerable role in the generation, maintenance, or worsening of chronic visceral pain, and may even constitute risk factors for treatment failure, knowledge from experimental nocebo research has potential to improve treatment outcomes in DGBI and other clinical conditions associated with chronic visceral pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1270189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T05:27:26Z","timestamp":1697174846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nocebo effects in visceral pain: concept and design of the experimental randomized-controlled pain study \u2018NoVis\u2019"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jana Luisa","family":"Aulenkamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriane","family":"Icenhour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Elsenbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.117","article-title":"Placebo effects and their determinants in gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"12","author":"Elsenbruch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020518-114525","article-title":"Visceral Pain","volume":"81","author":"Grundy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12425","article-title":"Work productivity and activity impairment in disorders of gut-brain interaction: data from the Rome foundation global epidemiology study","volume":"11","author":"Fr\u00e4ndemark","year":"2023","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.04.014","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence and burden of functional gastrointestinal disorders, results of Rome foundation global study","volume":"160","author":"Sperber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.12435.1","article-title":"The stress concept in gastroenterology: from Selye to today","volume":"6","author":"Enck","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Res."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16014","DOI":"10.1038\/NRDP.2016.14","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Enck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.03.035","article-title":"Rome IV - functional GI disorders: disorders of gut-brain interaction","volume":"150","author":"Drossman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.10","article-title":"The role of psychosocial factors and psychiatric disorders in functional dyspepsia","volume":"10","author":"Van Oudenhove","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204136","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1204136","article-title":"Connecting dots in disorders of gut-brain interaction: the interplay of stress and sex hormones in shaping visceral pain","volume":"14","author":"Labrenz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.104501","article-title":"Stress and the brain-gut axis in functional and chronic-inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases: a transdisciplinary challenge","volume":"111","author":"Labanski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841734","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.841734","article-title":"The good, the bad, and the ugly\u2014chances, challenges, and clinical implications of avoidance research in psychosomatic medicine","volume":"13","author":"Labrenz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.09.015","article-title":"A Rome working team report on brain-gut behavior therapies for disorders of gut-brain interaction","volume":"162","author":"Keefer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2023.2225745","article-title":"Psychological treatments for irritable bowel syndrome: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Axelsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Ther"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641436","DOI":"10.3389\/FPHAR.2021.641436","article-title":"The placebo and nocebo responses in clinical trials in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"12","author":"Enck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00797","article-title":"Placebo responses and placebo effects in functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"11","author":"Enck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.01.037","article-title":"The neural correlates of placebo effects: a disruption account","volume":"22","author":"Lieberman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.04.028","article-title":"Widespread hyperalgesia in irritable bowel syndrome is dynamically maintained by tonic visceral impulse input and placebo\/nocebo factors: evidence from human psychophysics, animal models, and neuroimaging","volume":"47","author":"Price","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PAIN.2006.08.001","article-title":"Placebo analgesia is accompanied by large reductions in pain-related brain activity in irritable bowel syndrome patients","volume":"127","author":"Price","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15591","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015591","article-title":"Placebos without deception: a randomized controlled trial in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Kaptchuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002234","article-title":"Open-label placebo vs double-blind placebo for irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"162","author":"Lembo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.39524.439618.25","article-title":"Components of placebo effect: randomised controlled trial in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"336","author":"Kaptchuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1097\/J.PAIN.0000000000001546","article-title":"Can a brief psychological expectancy intervention improve postoperative pain? A randomized, controlled trial in patients with breast cancer","volume":"160","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1097\/J.PAIN.0000000000000700","article-title":"Open-label placebo treatment in chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"157","author":"Carvalho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e045969","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045969","article-title":"Impact of a 12-week open-label placebo treatment on headache days in episodic and chronic migraine: a study protocol for a parallel-group, multicentre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Schmidt","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1097\/J.PAIN.0000000000000540","article-title":"Relieving patients\u2019 pain with expectation interventions: a meta-analysis","volume":"157","author":"Peerdeman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00456","article-title":"Placebo effects in psychotherapy: a framework","volume":"10","author":"Enck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2018.01.010","article-title":"Nocebo effects and experimental models in visceral pain","volume":"138","author":"Elsenbruch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12489","article-title":"Neural circuitry of abdominal pain-related fear learning and reinstatement in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Icenhour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000924","article-title":"Greater fear of visceral pain contributes to differences between visceral and somatic pain in healthy women","volume":"158","author":"Koenen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000612","article-title":"From anticipation to the experience of pain: the importance of visceral versus somatic pain modality in neural and behavioral responses to pain-predictive cues","volume":"80","author":"Koenen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001579","article-title":"Cortisol affects pain sensitivity and pain-related emotional learning in experimental visceral but not somatic pain: a randomized controlled study in healthy men and women","volume":"160","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.10.036","article-title":"Neural mechanisms mediating the effects of expectation in visceral placebo analgesia: an fMRI study in healthy placebo responders and nonresponders","volume":"153","author":"Elsenbruch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.07.013","article-title":"Neural mechanisms mediating positive and negative treatment expectations in visceral pain: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study on placebo and nocebo effects in healthy volunteers","volume":"154","author":"Schmid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.06.060","article-title":"Neural underpinnings of nocebo hyperalgesia in visceral pain: a fMRI study in healthy volunteers","volume":"120","author":"Schmid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318308","article-title":"Role of brain imaging in disorders of brain-gut interaction: a Rome working team report","volume":"68","author":"Mayer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.03.017","article-title":"Neural circuitry mediating inflammation-induced central pain amplification in human experimental endotoxemia","volume":"48","author":"Benson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.01.031","article-title":"The placebo and nocebo phenomena: their clinical management and impact on treatment outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Chavarria","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01876","article-title":"Can psychological expectation models be adapted for placebo research?","volume":"7","author":"Rief","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PAIN.2014.04.016","article-title":"The magnitude of nocebo effects in pain: a meta-analysis","volume":"155","author":"Petersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000940","article-title":"Effects of acute psychological stress on placebo and nocebo responses in a clinically relevant model of visceroception","volume":"158","author":"Roderigo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02008-1","article-title":"Associative learning and extinction of conditioned threat predictors across sensory modalities","volume":"4","author":"Koenen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00397.x","article-title":"Biological and psychological predictors of visceral pain sensitivity in healthy premenopausal women","volume":"18","author":"Lacourt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"HADS-D \u2013 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Deutsche Version: Ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Angst und Depressivit\u00e4t in der somatischen Medizin","author":"Herrmann-Lingen","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.12.010","article-title":"Inflammation shapes neural processing of interoceptive fear predictors during extinction learning in healthy humans","volume":"108","author":"Pawlik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2023.101522","article-title":"ALIIAS: Anonymization\/Pseudonymization with LimeSurvey integration and II-factor Authentication for Scientific research","volume":"24","author":"Englert","year":"2023","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018782831217","article-title":"Development of the fear of pain questionnaire - III","volume":"21","author":"McNeil","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.4.524","article-title":"The pain catastrophizing scale: development and validation","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(90)90004-A","article-title":"The somatosensory amplification scale and its relationship to hypochondriasis","volume":"24","author":"Barsky","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1005-9_907","article-title":"Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) and Short Version PASS-20","author":"McCracken","year":"2013","journal-title":"Encycl Behav Med"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2013.04.009","article-title":"Anxiety sensitivity index (ASI-3) subscales predict unique variance in anxiety and depressive symptoms","volume":"28","author":"Olthuis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404","article-title":"A global measure of perceived stress","volume":"24","author":"Cohen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-020-01156-y","article-title":"Psychometric properties of an English short version of the Trier inventory for chronic stress","volume":"20","author":"Petrowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23668\/PSYCHARCHIVES.4717","article-title":"Generic rating scale for previous treatment experiences, treatment expectations, and treatment effects (GEEE)","author":"Rief","year":"2021","journal-title":"PsychArchives"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1146\/ANNUREV-PSYCH-010418-102907","article-title":"Psychobiological mechanisms of placebo and nocebo effects: pathways to improve treatments and reduce side effects","volume":"70","author":"Petrie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.3389\/FPSYT.2019.00511","article-title":"No reason to feel sick? Nocebo responses in the placebo arms of experimental Endotoxemia studies","volume":"10","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2067","article-title":"Assessing general side effects in clinical trials: reference data from the general population","volume":"20","author":"Rief","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49031","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0049031","article-title":"Effects of ginger and expectations on symptoms of nausea in a balanced placebo design","volume":"7","author":"Weimer","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PAIN.2009.10.012","article-title":"Neuronal correlates in the modulation of placebo analgesia in experimentally-induced esophageal pain: a 3T-fMRI study","volume":"148","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.03.018","article-title":"Enhanced affect\/cognition-related brain responses during visceral placebo analgesia in irritable bowel syndrome patients","volume":"153","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14242","DOI":"10.1111\/NMO.14242","article-title":"Effect of slow, deep breathing on visceral pain perception and its underlying psychophysiological mechanisms","volume":"34","author":"Gholamrezaei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"STADI - das state-trait-angst-depressions-Inventar","author":"von Laux","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182662098","article-title":"Endogenous opioid systems: current concepts and clinical correlations","volume":"79","author":"Benarroch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12014","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2947-06.2006","article-title":"The biochemical and neuroendocrine bases of the hyperalgesic nocebo effect","volume":"26","author":"Benedetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0263-y","article-title":"Prefrontal expectancy and reinforcement-driven antidepressant placebo effects","volume":"8","author":"Peci\u00f1a","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.04.028","article-title":"A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity","volume":"190","author":"Benedek","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3179","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22837","article-title":"Neural circuitry underlying effects of context on human pain-related fear extinction in a renewal paradigm","volume":"36","author":"Icenhour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000530376","article-title":"Heart rate variability for evaluating psychological stress changes in healthy adults: a scoping review","volume":"82","author":"Immanuel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5056\/JNM.2013.19.1.5","article-title":"Electrogastrography: methodology, validation and applications","volume":"19","author":"Yin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2005.10.019","article-title":"Gastric myoelectrical activity as an index of emotional arousal","volume":"61","author":"Vianna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005590413490\/METRICS","article-title":"Impairment of gastric and jejunal myoelectrical activity during rectal distension in dogs","volume":"45","author":"Abo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0238533","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0238533","article-title":"Molecular classification of the placebo effect in nausea","volume":"15","author":"Meissner","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000221377.52036.50","article-title":"The effects of manipulating expectations through placebo and nocebo administration on gastric tachyarrhythmia and motion-induced nausea","volume":"68","author":"Levine","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JPSYCHORES.2008.09.004","article-title":"Effects of placebo interventions on gastric motility and general autonomic activity","volume":"66","author":"Meissner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CLINTHERA.2016.11.022","article-title":"Different disclosed probabilities to receive an antiemetic equally decrease subjective symptoms in an experimental placebo study: to be or not to be sure","volume":"39","author":"Weimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0B013E3182915EE7","article-title":"Reduction of motion sickness with an enhanced placebo instruction: an experimental study with healthy participants","volume":"75","author":"Horing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149\u2013","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026221094331","article-title":"How to change negative outcome expectations inpsychotherapy? The role of the therapist\u2019s warmth and competence","volume":"11","author":"Seewald","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1097\/J.PAIN.0000000000000798","article-title":"Reward, motivation, and emotion of pain and its relief","volume":"158","author":"Porreca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JBTEP.2015.09.010","article-title":"Positive valence reduces susceptibility to return of fear and enhances approach behavior","volume":"50","author":"Dour","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BRAT.2004.03.013","article-title":"Reinstatement of fear responses in human aversive conditioning","volume":"43","author":"Hermans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BBI.2023.06.005","article-title":"Amplified gut feelings under inflammation and depressed mood: a randomized fMRI trial on interoceptive pain in healthy volunteers","volume":"112","author":"Benson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e109014","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109014","article-title":"The effect of treatment history on therapeutic outcome: psychological and neurobiological underpinnings","volume":"9","author":"Kessner","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaal2999","DOI":"10.1126\/SCITRANSLMED.AAL2999","article-title":"The effects of treatment failure generalize across different routes of drug administration","volume":"9","author":"Zunhammer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3389\/FPSYT.2020.00107","article-title":"The role of chronic stress in normal visceroception: insights from an experimental visceral pain study in healthy volunteers","volume":"11","author":"Icenhour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.08.016","article-title":"Impaired emotional learning and involvement of the corticotropin-releasing factor signaling system in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"145","author":"Labus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ECCO-JCC\/JJAD080","article-title":"Distinct alterations in central pain processing of visceral and somatic pain in quiescent ulcerative colitis compared to irritable bowel syndrome and health","author":"\u00d6hlmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/JEBM.12251","article-title":"Effects of placebos without deception compared with no treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Charlesworth","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Evid Based Med"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0853","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PMED.0020262","article-title":"Deception in research on the placebo effect","volume":"2","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/ANNUREV-PHARMTOX-022723-112425","article-title":"The nocebo effect","volume":"64","author":"Colloca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001194","article-title":"Learned nocebo effects on cutaneous sensations of pain and itch: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental behavioral studies on healthy humans","volume":"85","author":"Thomaidou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2019.00160","article-title":"Does sex\/gender play a role in placebo and nocebo effects? Conflicting evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies","volume":"13","author":"Enck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3389\/FPSYT.2020.00197","article-title":"Sex differences linking pain-related fear and interoceptive hypervigilance: attentional biases to conditioned threat and safety signals in a visceral pain model","volume":"11","author":"Labrenz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13664","DOI":"10.1111\/NMO.13664","article-title":"Are there sex differences in visceral sensitivity in young healthy men and women?","volume":"31","author":"Icenhour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1111\/NMO.12454","article-title":"Are there sex differences in placebo analgesia during visceral pain processing? A fMRI study in healthy subjects","volume":"26","author":"Theysohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1270189\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T05:27:32Z","timestamp":1697174852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1270189\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1270189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1270189","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"article-number":"1270189"}}