{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T08:14:42Z","timestamp":1759133682955,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Personality is a central factor associated with relationship discord, conflicts, and separation, as well as with dyadic adjustment and relationship stability. The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) of the DSM-5 offers a hybrid model for understanding personality based on personality dysfunction (Criterion A) and pathological domains and facets (Criterion B). So far, few studies have integrated this model into the understanding of relationship quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the contribution of Criterion B to relationship satisfaction in individuals involved in an intimate relationship. We also explored the joint contribution of Criteria A and B, as well as their interaction effects, to relationship satisfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were drawn from two clinical samples: patients with personality disorders (PD; <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> =\u2009101) and clients consulting in private practice clinics (PPC; <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> =\u2009350). They completed self-report questionnaires assessing relationship satisfaction and AMPD Criteria A (only for PPC sample) and B.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hierarchical regressions showed that, for the PD sample, the Detachment and Negative Affectivity domains, especially the pathological facets of Intimacy Avoidance and Separation Insecurity, explained 22.5% of relationship satisfaction\u2019s variance. For PPC clients, Detachment, Negative Affectivity, and Antagonism domains, and especially the pathological facets of Intimacy Avoidance, Anxiousness, and Grandiosity, contribute significantly to relationship satisfaction, explaining 14.8% of its variance. Criterion A elements did not evince incremental value to the regression models in the PPC sample, and no Criteria A and B interaction effects were found. Clinical implications as well as limitations of the study are discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1291226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T11:06:29Z","timestamp":1705057589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contribution of the alternative model for DSM-5 personality disorders to relationship satisfaction"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Savard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lissa","family":"Desch\u00eanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c9lodie","family":"Gagn\u00e9-Pomerleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maude","family":"Payant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristel","family":"Mayrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie-Chlo\u00e9","family":"Nolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis-Alexandre","family":"Marcoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominick","family":"Gamache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407511431183","article-title":"Personality traits and marital satisfaction within enduring relationships: an intra-couple discrepancy approach","volume":"29","author":"Claxton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Soc Pers Relat"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2004.01.001","article-title":"The big five and enduring marriages","volume":"38","author":"Donnellan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2010.05.011","article-title":"Normal and abnormal personality traits are associated with marital satisfaction for both men and women: an actor\u2013partner interdependence model analysis","volume":"44","author":"Stroud","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2009.09.004","article-title":"The five-factor model of personality and relationship satisfaction of intimate partners: a meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Malouff","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.21.3.626","article-title":"Marital discord and well-being in older adults: is the association confounded by personality?","volume":"21","author":"Whisman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032107","article-title":"Curvilinear associations between neuroticism and dyadic adjustment in treatment-seeking couples","volume":"27","author":"Daspe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.10.001","article-title":"Male sub-threshold psychopathic traits and couple distress","volume":"40","author":"Savard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2862","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X18763226","article-title":"The \u201cGood enough\u201d parent: perfectionism and relationship satisfaction among parents and nonparents","volume":"39","author":"Trub","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Fam Issues"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-020-0383-z","article-title":"The relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Sayehmiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2004.08.002","article-title":"Evaluating five factor theory and social investment perspectives on personality trait development","volume":"39","author":"Roberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th edition \u2013 Text revision (DSM-5)","year":"2022","key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0001087","article-title":"It\u2019s time to replace the personality disorders with the interpersonal disorders","volume":"77","author":"Wright","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"volume-title":"Love relations: Normality and pathology","year":"1995","key":"ref13"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9781615373529","volume-title":"Psychodynamic therapy for personality pathology: Treating self and interpersonal functioning","author":"Caligor","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.2009.00151.x","article-title":"Relationship quality and stability in couples when one partner suffers from borderline personality disorder","volume":"35","author":"Bouchard","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Marital Fam Ther"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"29","article-title":"Couples therapy: treating selected personality-disordered couples within a dynamic therapy framework","volume":"11","author":"Landucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"439","article-title":"Group, family, and couples therapies","volume-title":"Textbook of personality disorders","author":"Ogrodniczuck","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000095","article-title":"Borderline personality disorder symptoms and newlyweds\u2019 observed communication, partner characteristics, and longitudinal marital outcomes","volume":"124","author":"Lavner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2018_32_388","article-title":"Characterizing couple dysfunction in borderline personality disorder","volume":"34","author":"Miano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Personal Disord"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195148732.001.0001","volume-title":"Identifying and understanding the narcissistic personality","author":"Ronningstam","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000061","article-title":"Empathy in narcissistic personality disorder: from clinical and empirical perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Baskin-Sommers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pers Disord Theory Res Treat"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000137","article-title":"Narcissism and newlywed marriage: partner characteristics and marital trajectories","volume":"84","author":"Lavner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-081219-115420","article-title":"Pathology in relationships","volume":"17","author":"South","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2021.102047","article-title":"Personality disorders as predictors of intimate partner violence: a meta-analysis","volume":"88","author":"Collison","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"9","article-title":"The alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders and its empirical support","volume-title":"Personality disorders and pathology: Integrating clinical assessment and practice in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 era","author":"Cain","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1408","article-title":"The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis","volume":"12","author":"Hopwood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Personal Ment Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.19.2.103.62626","article-title":"Introduction to the special section: the American Psychiatric Association's research agenda for the DSM-V","volume":"19","author":"Widiger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Personal Ment Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000219","article-title":"Personality pathology and relationship satisfaction in dating and married couples","volume":"9","author":"DeCuyper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Disord"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000435","article-title":"The longitudinal impact of DSM\u20135 section III specific personality disorders on relationship satisfaction","volume":"12","author":"Ingram","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pers Disord"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000505","article-title":"Pathological personality, relationship satisfaction, and intimate partner aggression: analyses using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, alternative model of personality disorder traits","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pers Disord"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1177\/0003065119898772","article-title":"Exploring Kernberg's model of personality functioning as a moderator of traits: focus on DSM-5's section III alternative model of personality disorder","volume":"67","author":"Sexton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Psychoanal Assoc"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.17.1.15","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief version of the dyadic adjustment scale with a nonparametric item analysis model","volume":"17","author":"Sabourin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000120","article-title":"Testing whether the DSM-5 personality disorder trait model can be measured with a reduced set of items: an item response theory investigation of the personality inventory for DSM-5","volume":"27","author":"Maples","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-022-10000-0","article-title":"Investigating the validity and measurement invariance of the personality inventory for DSM-5 faceted brief form among French-speaking clinical and nonclinical samples","volume":"45","author":"Leclerc","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133413","article-title":"The psychometric properties of the French version of the personality inventory for DSM-5","volume":"10","author":"Roskam","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000335","article-title":"Introducing a short self-report for the assessment of DSM\u20135 level of personality functioning for personality disorders: the self and interpersonal functioning scale","volume":"10","author":"Gamache","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Disord Theory Res Treat"},{"volume-title":"Multivariate data analysis","year":"2010","author":"Hair","key":"ref37"},{"volume-title":"Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming","year":"2010","author":"Byrne","key":"ref38"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","year":"2013","author":"Hayes","key":"ref40"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Attachment processes and couple functioning","volume-title":"Attachment in adulthood","author":"Mikulincer","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"250","article-title":"Detection of conflict pattern in couples","volume-title":"Understanding major mental disorder: The contribution of family interaction research","author":"Christensen","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101781","article-title":"Romantic attachment style and borderline personality pathology: a meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.20283","article-title":"Borderline personality disorder, mentalization, and the neurobiology of attachment","volume":"32","author":"Fonagy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infant Ment Health J"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1037\/cap0000025","article-title":"An attachment theoretical framework for personality disorders","volume":"51","author":"Levy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-021-00163-9","article-title":"Attachment, mentalization, and criterion B of the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders (AMPD)","volume":"8","author":"Ball Cooper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Borderline Pers Disord Emot Dysregul"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000274","article-title":"The DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorders from the perspective of adult attachment: a study in community-dwelling adults","volume":"203","author":"Fossati","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.02.007","article-title":"Personality traits of the alternative DSM-5 model and the attachment dimensions in Portuguese adults","volume":"143","author":"Rosa-Mendes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.2.226","article-title":"Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model","volume":"61","author":"Bartholomew","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"344","article-title":"Narcissism and romantic relationships: understanding the paradox","volume-title":"The handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments","author":"Brunell","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.09.046","article-title":"Narcissism and observed communication in couples","volume":"105","author":"Lamkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110247","article-title":"Unmasking gender differences in narcissism within intimate partner violence","volume":"67","author":"Green","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2012.03.007","article-title":"How the dark triad traits predict relationship choices","volume":"53","author":"Jonason Puevano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814627-9.00022-0","article-title":"Treatment of antagonism: motivational interviewing. In author links open overlay panel","volume-title":"Handbook of antagonism: Conceptualizations, assessment, consequences, and treatment of the low end of agreeableness","author":"Wrona","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12857","article-title":"The dark triad traits and relationship satisfaction: dyadic response surface analysis","author":"Kardum","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628057","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.628057","article-title":"A proposed classification of ICD-11 severity levels of personality pathology using the self and interpersonal functioning scale (SIFS)","volume":"12","author":"Gamache","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2022.2039166","article-title":"The incremental utility of criteria a and B of the DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders for predicting DSM-IV\/DSM-5 section II personality disorders","volume":"105","author":"Nysaeter","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000637","article-title":"Head-to-head comparison of the alternative model for personality disorders and section II personality disorder model in terms of predicting patient outcomes 1 year later","author":"Weekers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pers Disord"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000585","article-title":"The problems with criterion a: a comment on Morey et al. (2022)","volume":"13","author":"Sleep","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Disord"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000657","article-title":"Personality impairment in the DSM-5 and ICD-11: current standing and limitations","volume":"34","author":"Sleep","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12560","article-title":"Global personality dysfunction and the relationship of pathological and normal trait domains in the DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders","volume":"90","author":"Morey","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/10478400701512646","article-title":"Boosting attachment security to promote mental health, prosocial values, and inter-group tolerance","volume":"18","author":"Mikulincer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol Inq"},{"volume-title":"Attachment theory in practice: Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) within individuals, couples, and families","year":"2019","author":"Johnson","key":"ref63"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780199680375.001.0001","volume-title":"Mentalization-based treatment for personality disorders: A practical guide","author":"Bateman","year":"2016"},{"volume-title":"Transference-focused psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A clinical guide","year":"2015","author":"Yeomans","key":"ref65"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.6.1027","article-title":"Change in attachment patterns and reflective function in a randomized control trial of transference-focused psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder","volume":"74","author":"Levy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20730","article-title":"Validity and utility of hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum","volume":"19","author":"Kotov","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2020.34.supp.1","article-title":"Introduction to the special issue on narcissistic personality disorder","volume":"34","author":"Ronningstam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Personal Disord"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-009-0084-z","article-title":"Narcissistic personality disorder: a current review","volume":"12","author":"Ronningstam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1291226\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T11:06:44Z","timestamp":1705057604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1291226\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1291226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1291226","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-0640"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"article-number":"1291226"}}