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Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cerebellum has been consistently shown to be atypical in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, despite its known role in sensorimotor function, there is limited research on its association with sensory over-responsivity (SOR), a common and impairing feature of ASD. Thus, this study sought to examine functional connectivity of the sensorimotor cerebellum in ASD compared to typically developing (TD) youth and investigate whether cerebellar connectivity is associated with SOR. Resting-state functional connectivity of the sensorimotor cerebellum was examined in 54 ASD and 43 TD youth aged 8-18 years. Using a seed-based approach, connectivity of each sensorimotor cerebellar region (defined as lobules I-IV, V-VI and VIIIA&amp;amp;B) with the whole brain was examined in ASD compared to TD youth, and correlated with parent-reported SOR severity. Across all participants, the sensorimotor cerebellum was functionally connected with sensorimotor and visual regions, though the three seed regions showed distinct connectivity with limbic and higher-order sensory regions. ASD youth showed differences in connectivity including atypical connectivity within the cerebellum and increased connectivity with hippocampus and thalamus compared to TD youth. More severe SOR was associated with stronger connectivity with cortical regions involved in sensory and motor processes and weaker connectivity with cognitive and socio-emotional regions, particularly prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that atypical cerebellum function in ASD may play a role in sensory challenges in autism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1337921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T04:52:00Z","timestamp":1711342320000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Functional connectivity of the sensorimotor cerebellum in autism: associations with sensory over-responsivity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Melis E.","family":"Cakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana J.","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin K.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan Y.","family":"Bookheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirella","family":"Dapretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shulamite A.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"2013"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.07.016","article-title":"The cerebellum, sensitive periods, and autism","volume":"83","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-017-0004-1","article-title":"Altered cerebellar connectivity in autism and cerebellar-mediated rescue of autism-related behaviors in mice","volume":"20","author":"Stoodley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0665-z","article-title":"Regulation of autism-relevant behaviors by cerebellar\u2013prefrontal cortical circuits","volume":"23","author":"Kelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.11.012","article-title":"Cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders: deriving mechanistic insights from an internal model framework","volume":"462","author":"Kelly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.05.028","article-title":"Cerebellar dysfunction, cerebro-cerebellar connectivity and autism spectrum disorders","volume":"462","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2023.101301","article-title":"The big role of the \u2018little brain\u2019: exploring the developing cerebellum and its role in cognition","volume":"54","author":"King","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.06.005","article-title":"Cerebellar function in autism: functional magnetic resonance image activation during a simple motor task","volume":"56","author":"Allen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00408\/full","article-title":"Cerebro-cerebellar circuits in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"9","author":"D\u2019Mello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019861721160","article-title":"Purkinje cell size is reduced in cerebellum of patients with autism","volume":"22","author":"Fatemi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.03.024","article-title":"Cerebro-cerebellar resting-state functional connectivity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"78","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp088","article-title":"Decreased connectivity and cerebellar activity in autism during motor task performance","volume":"132","author":"Mostofsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2013.00015","article-title":"Is autism a disease of the cerebellum? 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