{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:05:15Z","timestamp":1790330715441,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>These individuals face psychological and physical trauma, loss of jobs, and emotional isolation, which may lead to the development of depression and anxiety. In 2022, 120 countries had over 71 million IDPs, a 20% increase from the previous year. In sub-Saharan Africa, natural disasters accounted for 40% of all new IDPs worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling method was used to select 997 respondents. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire. STATA Version 17 and Amos Version 21 were used for the analysis. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequency, percentage, table, graph, chart, figure, and summary statistics. Structural equation modeling was employed to assess the relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety was 79.64% (95% CI: 77.02 82.03) and 74.62% (95% CI =71.83%, 77.23%) respectively. age (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.0034, 95% CI: 0.0012, 0.0056), history of the death of a loved one (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.0803, 0.185), had formal education (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = -0.164, 95% CI: -0.229, -0.098) occupation other (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = -0.183, 95% CI: -0.261, -0.105), Not having medically confirmed mental illness (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = -0.185, 95% CI: (-0.325, -0.045), PTSD score (adjusted <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = 0.0082, 95% CI: 0.0048, 0.012) associated with anxiety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Displacement medically confirmed mental illness, death of a loved one, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly impact anxiety. Policymakers should provide greater access to mental health management and prevention services, and medical practitioners should understand the connection between depression and anxiety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1458939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T07:12:53Z","timestamp":1737529973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Depression, anxiety and its predictor among internally displaced person in metekel Ethiopia, 2023: using a structural equation model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Solomon Debela","family":"Bekeko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teshome Demis","family":"Nimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Demissie","family":"Darcho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feyisa Shasho","family":"Bayisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.196242","article-title":"A review of the health problems of the internally displaced persons in Africa","volume":"23","author":"Owoaje","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nigerian Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1396580","article-title":"Event centrality influences posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms via core beliefs in internally displaced older adults","volume":"23","author":"Chukwuorji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-013-0762-3","article-title":"Determinants of the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, in the general population","volume":"49","author":"Perrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610216000193","article-title":"The impact of forced migration on the mental health of the elderly: a scoping review","volume":"28","author":"Virgincar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-006303","article-title":"Global burden of post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression in countries affected by war between 1989 and 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Hoppen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"Protection of internally displaced persons in Nigeria: whose legal responsibility","volume":"5","author":"Umenweke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nigerian J Afr Stud (NJAS)"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64742","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064742","article-title":"Prolonged internal displacement and common mental disorders in Sri Lanka: the COMRAID study","volume":"8","author":"Siriwardhana","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B8","volume-title":"Initiative on Internal Displacement 2020\u20132021","year":""},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00433","article-title":"Psychiatric Disorders in refugees and internally displaced persons after forced displacement: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Morina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1261230","article-title":"A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Koshe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S267307","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among internally displaced people in South Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Madoro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04570-w","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in camps at Debre Berhan, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"23","author":"Makango","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124187016001004","article-title":"Practical issues in structural modeling","volume":"16","author":"Bentler","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sociol Methods Res"},{"key":"B14","volume-title":"Lisrel 9.1 Ile Yap\u0131sal E\u015fitlik Modellemesi: Temel Kavramlar Uygulamalar-Programlama (Yenilenmi\u015f 2. 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