{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T09:04:31Z","timestamp":1782551071292,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Backgrounds<\/jats:title><jats:p>Negative cognitive styles (NCSs) have been identified as risk factor for the onset of depression. However, little empirical evidence is available to support its role in psychological disorders in the perinatal period. Moreover, less is known about the underlying mechanism in the relation between NCSs and depression in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effect of rumination on the relationship between NCSs and antenatal depression (AD). Specifically, the mediation effects of two subtypes of rumination were tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2023 using anonymous online questionnaire among women in their third trimester of pregnancy in the antenatal care clinic of a tertiary hospital. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to screen antenatal depression. Attributional Style Questionnaire and Ruminative Responses Scale were employed to assess NCSs and rumination respectively. Correlational analysis of the associations between NCSs, rumination, and AD was conducted. Bootstrap mediation analysis and multiple mediation models were applied to investigate whether rumination, and its brooding and reflection components would mediate the relationship between NCSs and AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>NCSs had a significant positive effect on depression in pregnant women (c=1.45, SE=0.03, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;0.001, 95%CI: 0.92\u223c1.70). Rumination mediated the relationship between NCSs and depression in pregnant women (point estimate=0.41, 95%CI: 0.13\u223c0.79, effect size=0.22, K<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.19). Multiple mediation analysis revealed that brooding, instead of reflection, mediated the relationship between NCSs and depression in pregnant women (point estimate=0.41, 95%CI: 0.15\u223c0.78).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provided novel evidence for the role of rumination, specifically its brooding subtype, in shaping the link between NCSs and depression in pregnant women, highlighting potentially useful targets for interventions aimed at preventing the onset of AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1499061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T06:30:11Z","timestamp":1733725811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The mediating role of rumination in the relationship between negative cognitive styles and depression among pregnant women in Guangzhou, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ribo","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2023.04.003","article-title":"Perinatal depression: a review and an update","volume":"46","author":"Stewart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.046","article-title":"Prevalence of perinatal depression and its determinants in Mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"277","author":"Nisar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.07.007","article-title":"Trajectories of antenatal depression and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"226","author":"Mercer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.008","article-title":"Association between antenatal depression and adverse perinatal outcomes: a prospective cohort study","volume":"323","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8862","article-title":"Perinatal depression: challenges and opportunities","volume":"30","author":"Dagher","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000301","article-title":"Negative cognitive style interacts with negative life events to predict first onset of a major depressive episode in adolescence via hopelessness","volume":"127","author":"Mac Giollabhui","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.04.077","article-title":"Mood-congruent negative thinking styles and cognitive vulnerability in depressed COVID-19 survivors: A comparison with major depressive disorder","volume":"308","author":"Benedetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2011.04.008","article-title":"Cognitive vulnerabilities, negative life events, and depressive symptoms in young adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Young","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.05.070","article-title":"Repetitive negative thinking in the perinatal period and its relationship with anxiety and depression","volume":"311","author":"Moulds","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-012-9456-5","article-title":"Predicting changes in depressive symptoms from pregnancy to postpartum: the role of brooding rumination and negative inferential styles","volume":"37","author":"Barnum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognit Ther Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2020.103573","article-title":"Reflecting on rumination: consequences, causes, mechanisms and treatment of rumination","volume":"127","author":"Watkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1264-8","article-title":"Rumination mediates the relationship between overgeneral autobiographical memory and depression in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8030314","article-title":"Maladaptive rumination as a transdiagnostic mediator of vulnerability and outcome in psychopathology","volume":"8","author":"Luca","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.01.013","article-title":"The effects of rumination and negative cognitive styles on depression: a mediation analysis","volume":"46","author":"Lo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1180863","article-title":"The metacognitive experience of time passing in Chinese college students: scale development, structure verification, and influencing factors","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000289","article-title":"The four faces of rumination to stressful events: A psychometric analysis","volume":"9","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0b013e3182227a72","article-title":"Chinese version of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale: translation and validation","volume":"60","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.01.044","article-title":"Validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for the antenatal period","volume":"176","author":"Kozinszky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.04.095","article-title":"Attention, rumination and depression in youth with negative inferential styles: A prospective study","volume":"291","author":"Rifkin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-009-9233-2","article-title":"The effects of rumination and depressive symptoms on the prediction of negative attributional style among college students","volume":"34","author":"Lo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cognit Ther Res"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13110942","article-title":"Perinatal depression and the role of synaptic plasticity in its pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"13","author":"Shenoy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav Sci (Basel)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2018.1543943","article-title":"Negative cognitive styles as risk factors for the occurrence of PMS and PMDD","volume":"37","author":"Sliwerski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1499061\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T06:30:13Z","timestamp":1733725813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1499061\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1499061"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1499061","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"article-number":"1499061"}}