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However, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample comprised 178 participants, including 73 MDD with high anxiety symptom subjects, 55 MDD with low anxiety symptom, and 50 healthy controls registered from multiple sites based on the REST-meta-MDD Project in China. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were recorded. Large-scale static and dynamic functional connectivity analyses were conducted to identify specific brain connectivity distinguishing MDD with low and high anxiety symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>While MDD patients with high and low anxiety symptoms exhibit overlapping alterations in dynamic functional connectivity between the auditory cortex and nodes of the salience network, their distinct clinical profiles may be associated with differential functional connectivity patterns between the components of the default mode network (DMN) and the visual network (VN), as well as between the components of the basal ganglia network (BGN) and VN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The VN\u2013DMN\u2013BGN functional circuit may help elucidate the underlying pathological mechanisms associated with varying levels of anxiety in depressive disorders. Understanding this neural correlation could contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for MDD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1539702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T05:24:54Z","timestamp":1749446694000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Altered static and dynamic functional connectivity in major depressive disorder accompanied by high anxiety: evidence from the REST-meta-MDD consortium"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lujun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00061.x","article-title":"The heterogeneity of \u201cmajor depression","volume":"10","author":"Goldberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"B2","article-title":"Management of patients with depression associated with anxiety symptoms","author":"Nutt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9248","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179248","article-title":"The PPARg system in major depression: pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications","volume":"22","author":"Gold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12708","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12708","article-title":"The circadian gene Cryptochrome 2 influences stress-induced brain activity and depressive-like behavior in mice","volume":"20","author":"Sokolowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.12.019","article-title":"Extreme sensory processing patterns show a complex association with depression, and impulsivity, alexithymia, and hopelessness","volume":"210","author":"Serafini","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000085","article-title":"Mind-body interactions in anxiety and somatic symptoms","volume":"24","author":"Mallorqu\u00ed-Bagu\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01052-7","article-title":"A comprehensive overview of the role of visual cortex malfunction in depressive disorders: opportunities and challenges","volume":"39","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00659-1","article-title":"Short-term depression at thalamocortical synapses contributes to rapid adaptation of cortical sensory responses in vivo","volume":"34","author":"Chung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.02245.x","article-title":"The Danish PET\/depression project: clinical symptoms and cerebral blood flow","volume":"106","author":"Videbech","year":"2002","journal-title":"A regions-of-interest analysis. 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