{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:22:40Z","timestamp":1789150960098,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>While not officially recognized as a clinical diagnosis, ultra-processed food addiction (UPFA) is an increasingly observed phenomenon that frequently co-occurs with eating disorders (EDs). Yet, treatment remains both understudied and controversial. Many challenges exist when treating patients with comorbid UPFA\/ED, particularly in the context of the polarizing debate between abstinence-based and moderation-based approaches to nutrition intervention. We present three vignettes illustrating diverse trajectories of recovery when an abstinence-based approach is explored by a patient presenting with ED symptoms. Ultimately, some patients will recover with abstinence, while others may be harmed and fare better with a moderation-based approach. This dichotomy appears difficult for many patients and clinicians to navigate, particularly since integrative middle-ground approaches remain less characterized. Patients deserve individualized treatment plans from open-minded, experienced clinicians who can comprehensively assess genetic vulnerability; upbringing; and current neurobiological, psychological, and social\/cultural presentation. We argue for a nuanced, multidisciplinary approach that may combine elements of both abstinence and moderation, tailored to the patient\u2019s specific needs, emphasizing the importance of cross-disciplinary collaboration. More research is needed to develop evidence-based, patient-centered treatment options for UPFA in the context of other food- and body-related pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1586490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T05:28:56Z","timestamp":1751952536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Abstinence-based treatment of comorbid eating disorders and ultra-processed food addiction"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Susan Peirce","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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