{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T17:07:17Z","timestamp":1783098437381,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior among adolescents is a significant public health issue, which brings a range of adverse consequences. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this behavior remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic activation characteristics of adolescents with NSSI using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and to explore the correlation of cortical activation with NSSI behavior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen adolescents with NSSI behavior and 24 healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study. Cortical activation (frontal and temporal lobe hemodynamics) were examined using fNIRS. Self-harm frequency, Self-harm functions, and personality traits were assessed by OSI, NSSI - AT, and EPQ respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The \u0394\u03b2 value in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area of the NSSI group was significantly higher than that of the HC group, and the activation level of the DLPFC showed a strong positive correlation with the social communication and the expression subscale of the NSSI-AT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The specific manifestation of DLPFC cortical activation in adolescents may serve as a candidate neural correlate for NSSI behavior. Targeted improvement of individual social skills and emotional expression abilities is expected to reduce NSSI behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1604474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T11:04:22Z","timestamp":1753355062000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unveiling the neural signatures of adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury behavior: an fNIRS study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Huishan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaizhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aixia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.6863","article-title":"Association of internet addiction with nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescents in China","volume":"3","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.912441","article-title":"Global prevalence and characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury between 2010 and 2021 among a non-clinical sample of adolescents: A meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.09.036","article-title":"The pooled prevalence and influential factors of non-suicidal self-injury in non-clinical samples during the COVID-19 outbreak: A meta-analysis","volume":"343","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2023.100794","article-title":"Non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese population: a scoping review of prevalence, method, risk factors and preventive interventions","volume":"37","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Regional Health\u2013Western Pacific"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115329","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of factors related to non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents","volume":"326","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.06.019","article-title":"The association of non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior according to DSM-5 in adolescent psychiatric inpatients","volume":"228","author":"Rebecca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01946","article-title":"Nonsuicidal self-injury: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Cipriano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-015-0062-7","article-title":"The DSM-5 diagnosis of nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: a review of the empirical literature","volume":"9","author":"Zetterqvist","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943-278X.2011.00069.x","article-title":"Intrapersonal and interpersonal functions of non suicidal self-injury: Associations with emotional and social functioning","volume":"42","author":"Turner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Suicide life-threatening behavior"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13811118.2020.1822244","article-title":"Does nonsuicidal self-injury predict later suicidal attempts? 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