{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:27:30Z","timestamp":1787027250555,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic alcohol dependence is associated with structural brain changes that resemble premature aging, particularly in frontal, parietal, and subcortical regions. This study examined brain volume, cortical thickness, and brain-predicted age in individuals with alcohol dependence and assessed associations with clinical symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-one alcohol-dependent patients (mean age = 37.8 \u00b1 7.3 years) and 26 age-matched healthy controls (mean age = 35.0 \u00b1 8.5 years) underwent high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scanning. Brain structural analyses, including regional volumetry and cortical thickness estimation, were conducted using the validated\n                      <jats:italic>volBrain<\/jats:italic>\n                      platform. The system also provided individualized brain-predicted age estimates via its machine learning-based Brain Structure Ages (BSA) pipeline. Clinical assessments included the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MATT), Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PENN), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI-II, BAI), and detailed alcohol use history.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol-dependent participants showed significant reductions in total white matter, right frontal lobe, inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral postcentral gyri, and left superior occipital gyrus volumes (p &amp;lt; 0.05), along with widespread cortical thinning. Brain-predicted age was on average 11.5 years greater in patients than in controls (p &amp;lt; 0.001), especially in white matter and basal ganglia structures. Higher MATT scores correlated with reduced right precentral gyrus and left caudate volumes. PENN scores were positively associated with occipital volumes; however, this association weakened after controlling for age. Depression was linked to reduced frontal pole and increased amygdala volume, while anxiety was associated with smaller orbitofrontal and angular gyrus volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol dependence is marked by diffuse brain atrophy and accelerated brain aging. Structural alterations correspond to addiction severity, craving, and mood symptoms, highlighting brain-predicted age as a potential biomarker of cumulative alcohol-related neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1662842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T04:14:38Z","timestamp":1758255278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Volumetric and cortical thickness alterations in alcohol dependence: evidence of accelerated brain aging and clinical correlations"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Metin","family":"\u00c7\u0131naro\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eda","family":"Y\u0131lmazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selami 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