{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:07:31Z","timestamp":1788916051629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The subjective effects of psilocybin on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are under-explored. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative study of participant experiences from the first randomized placebo-controlled trial of single-dose psilocybin combined with unstructured and non-directive support for individuals with treatment-refractory OCD. Our research explored how participants experienced acute and post-dosing effects, the interrelationships between these effects, and participants\u2019 perspectives on therapeutic change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted qualitative interviews with 12 participants approximately one month after psilocybin dosing; (six who received psilocybin in the initial randomized placebo-controlled phase, six who received open-label psilocybin following unblinding). We analyzed interview transcripts via interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and engaged in consensus decision-making to arrive at 100% intercoder agreement in the process of abstracting codes into higher-order themes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four major themes (and several subthemes) emerged from our analysis: 1) Influences on Psilocybin Experience (i.e., Set, Setting); 2) Acute Effects (i.e., Acute perceptual effects, Acute [meta]cognitive effects, Acute emotional effects, Acute impact of OCD, Other acute effects); 3) Post-Dosing Changes in OCD (i.e., Post-dosing changes in symptoms, Post-dosing changes in perceptions of OCD); as well as 4) Post-Dosing Changes Beyond OCD Symptoms (i.e., Post-dosing [meta]cognitive changes, Other post-dosing changes). Meaningful interrelationships among codes, subthemes, and themes were the norm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings highlight the moderate to strong influences of set and setting in the nature and trajectory of participants\u2019 psilocybin experiences. We also uncovered acute, synergistic visual\/perceptual, emotional\/psychological, and physiological\/somatic effects that map onto those commonly reported in prior psilocybin trials for other closely related indications. However, these acute effects tended to occur at lower intensities (i.e., \u2018partial\u2019 experiences) potentially due to acute interference by OCD symptoms. Certain acute and post-dosing (meta)cognitive and behavioral effects also map onto putative mechanisms of action in evidence-based psychotherapy for OCD (e.g., exposure and response prevention [ERP] and acceptance and commitment therapy [ACT]). These findings yielded hypotheses for future investigation, and point toward potential integration of psilocybin with structured psychotherapy approaches for OCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1726818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T11:20:25Z","timestamp":1765365625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Acute and post-dosing effects of single-dose psilocybin for obsessive-compulsive disorder in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: an interpretative phenomenological analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"T. H. W.","family":"Ching","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Stahnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shnayder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Agin-Liebes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"T. G.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Amoroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Baiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Belser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bohner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"DePalmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Eilbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Fram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Grazioplene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hokanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Jankovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Kichuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Purohit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Schaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. P.","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Witherow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pittenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Kelmendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1359","article-title":"Twelve-month and lifetime prevalence and lifetime morbid risk of anxiety and mood disorders in the United States","volume":"21","author":"Kessler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852912000697","article-title":"Quality of life in obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"18","author":"Macy","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"15","author":"Ruscio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-013-0056-z","article-title":"Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: impact of the disorder and of treatment","volume":"27","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1037\/sah0000310","article-title":"A systematic review of public stigma attributes and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom subtypes","volume":"7","author":"Ponzini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stigma Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114567","article-title":"Latency to treatment seeking in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: results from a large multicenter clinical sample","volume":"312","author":"da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22728","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and related disorders: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Carpenter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20038","article-title":"The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in treating depressive and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of direct comparisons","volume":"12","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.06.003","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published 1993-2014","volume":"40","author":"\u00d6st","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2021.152223","article-title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure and response prevention in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"106","author":"Reid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001765.pub3","article-title":"Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus placebo for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)","volume":"2008","author":"Soomro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22103","article-title":"Long-term outcome in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"30","author":"Bloch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412461958","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence-based treatment and beyond","volume":"47","author":"Fineberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14r09758","article-title":"Early onset of response with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Issari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145702002900","article-title":"Treatment non-response in OCD: methodological issues and operational definitions","volume":"5","author":"Pallanti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0268-9","article-title":"A 2012 evidence-based algorithm for the pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"14","author":"Stein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3283613e4d","article-title":"Longitudinal course of pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"28","author":"Grant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102407","article-title":"A meta-analysis of relapse rates in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders","volume":"81","author":"Levy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13249","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics: a systematic review of modern-era clinical studies","volume":"143","author":"Andersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852922000888","article-title":"Psilocybin in neuropsychiatry: a review of its pharmacology, safety, and efficacy","volume":"28","author":"Dodd","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108094300","article-title":"Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin mediate the attribution of personal meaning and spiritual significance 14 months later","volume":"22","author":"Griffiths","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1640-6","article-title":"Acute psychological and physiological effects of psilocybin in healthy humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-effect study","volume":"172","author":"Hasler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00877-y","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of psilocybin and implications for the treatment of depression","volume":"36","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110382466","article-title":"Acute, subacute and long-term subjective effects of psilocybin in healthy humans: a pooled analysis of experimental studies","volume":"25","author":"Studerus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.12.006","article-title":"Psilocybin \u2013 summary of knowledge and new perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Tyl\u0161","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206443","article-title":"Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression","volume":"387","author":"Goodwin","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2023.03.031","article-title":"Pilot study of single-dose psilocybin for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant body dysmorphic disorder","volume":"161","author":"Schneier","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2022.2047929","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of psilocybin: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"van Amsterdam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/jcp.v67n1110","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of psilocybin in 9 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"67","author":"Moreno","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13378","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39812-0","article-title":"Improvement in OCD symptoms associated with serotoninergic psychedelics: a retrospective online survey","volume":"13","author":"Buot","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1178529","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and clinical and neural effects of single-dose psilocybin in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-crossover trial","volume":"14","author":"Ching","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B32","article-title":"Yale program for psychedelic science (YPPS) manual for psilocybin-OCD session monitors for protocol HIC: 2000020355","author":"Ching","year":"2022","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"key":"B33","article-title":"Psilocybin for treatment-resistant OCD: a randomized controlled trial","author":"Kelmendi","year":""},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008","article-title":"The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale","volume":"46","author":"Goodman","year":"1989","journal-title":"II Validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007","article-title":"The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale. I. Development, use, and reliability","volume":"46","author":"Goodman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221678211022949","article-title":"Woolley J. Participant reports of mindfulness, posttraumatic growth, and social connectedness in psilocybin-assisted group therapy: an interpretive phenomenological analysis","volume":"64","author":"Agin-Liebes","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Humanist Psychol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167817706884","article-title":"Patient experiences of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: an interpretative phenomenological analysis","volume":"57","author":"Belser","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Humanist Psychol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-53188-9","article-title":"Patient perspectives and experiences with psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression: a qualitative study","volume":"14","author":"Breeksema","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-020-00748-y","article-title":"Psychedelic treatments for psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of patient experiences in qualitative studies","volume":"34","author":"Breeksema","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118780612","article-title":"Psychedelic therapy for smoking cessation: qualitative analysis of participant accounts","volume":"32","author":"Noorani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167817715966","article-title":"Cancer at the dinner table: experiences of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of cancer-related distress","volume":"57","author":"Swift","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Humanist Psychol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167817709585","article-title":"Patients\u2019 accounts of increased \u201cconnectedness\u201d and \u201cacceptance\u201d after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"57","author":"Watts","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Humanist Psychol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0000259-000","volume-title":"Interpretative phenomenological analysis: theory, method and research","author":"Smith","year":"2022"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2307\/255859","article-title":"Group approaches for improving strategic decision making: a comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil\u2019s advocacy, and consensus","volume":"29","author":"Schweiger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acad Manag J"},{"key":"B45","unstructured":"NVivo (Version 14)\n          \n          \n          \n          2023"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/ba42z","article-title":"Yale program for psychedelic science (YPPS) manual for psilocybin combined with non-directive support in the treatment of OCD","author":"Ching","year":"2023","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1278823","article-title":"Safety, feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effects of repeated psilocybin dosing combined with non-directive support in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial with blinded ratings","volume":"14","author":"Ching","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B48","volume-title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change","author":"Hayes","year":"2016"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2022.03.007","article-title":"Experiential avoidance in depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive related, and posttraumatic stress disorders: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Akbari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Contextual Behav Sci"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.03.062","article-title":"Association between obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and experiential avoidance: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"138","author":"Angelakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20400","article-title":"Experiential avoidance as a functional dimensional approach to psychopathology: an empirical review","volume":"63","author":"Chawla","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.64.6.1152","article-title":"Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: A functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"64","author":"Hayes","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881116677852","article-title":"Set and setting, psychedelics and the placebo response: an extra-pharmacological perspective on psychopharmacology","volume":"30","author":"Hartogsohn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050324516683325","article-title":"Constructing drug effects: a history of set and setting","volume":"3","author":"Hartogsohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Sci Policy Law"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.15082","article-title":"Psychedelia: the interplay of music and psychedelics","volume":"1531","author":"Jerotic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4820-5","article-title":"The hidden therapist: evidence for a central role of music in psychedelic therapy","volume":"235","author":"Kaelen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461520983684","article-title":"Psychedelics, placebo effects, and set and setting: insights from common factors theory of psychotherapy","volume":"59","author":"Gukasyan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transcult Psychiatry"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1089\/psymed.2023.0033","article-title":"Getting in touch with touch: the importance of studying touch in MDMA-assisted therapy and the development of a new self-report measure","volume":"2","author":"Luoma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychedelic Med"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2024.2433425","article-title":"From theory to practice: the importance of operationalizing and measuring ethical touch in psychedelic-assisted therapy","volume":"25","author":"Luoma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Bioethics"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3129","article-title":"Capturing synergy holistically in psychedelic clinical trials: assessing processes in addition to outcomes","volume":"115","author":"Ching","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3050","article-title":"Psychedelics and psychotherapy: is the whole greater than the sum of its parts","volume":"114","author":"Dworkin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2487","article-title":"Acute effects of psilocybin after escitalopram or placebo pretreatment in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy subjects","volume":"111","author":"Becker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.917199","article-title":"Psychedelics, mystical experience, and therapeutic efficacy: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Ko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1077311","article-title":"Psychedelic-induced mystical experiences: an interdisciplinary discussion and critique","volume":"14","author":"Mosurinjohn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B65","volume-title":"The varieties of","author":"Yaden","year":"2022"},{"key":"B66","volume-title":"Neurotransmitter dysregulation in OCD. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Phenomenology, pathophysiology, and treatment","author":"Graat","year":"2017"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2017.09.002","article-title":"New directions in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of OCD: theory, research, and practice","volume":"49","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.12.002","article-title":"Exposure therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: an optimizing inhibitory learning approach","volume":"6","author":"Arch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2011.621969","article-title":"Obsessive beliefs predict cognitive behavior therapy outcome for obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"41","author":"Adams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognit Behav Ther"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2015.07.003","article-title":"Predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"15","author":"Kyrios","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Health Psychol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465823000103","article-title":"Predictors of response to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"McDonald","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav Cognit Psychother"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100603","DOI":"10.1177\/0253717621996734","article-title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Philip","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2015.07.001","article-title":"Changes in psychological flexibility during acceptance and commitment therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"4","author":"Twohig","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Contextual Behav Sci"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2019.10.003","article-title":"Toward a contextual psychedelic-assisted therapy: perspectives from acceptance and commitment therapy and contextual behavioral science","volume":"14","author":"Luoma","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Contextual Behav Sci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2019.11.002","article-title":"Psilocybin-assisted therapy of major depressive disorder using acceptance and commitment therapy as a therapeutic frame","volume":"15","author":"Sloshower","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Contextual Behav Sci"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/JCP-2021-0004","article-title":"Different psychological processes in traditional and ACT-enhanced ERP for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"37","author":"Buchholz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cognit Psychother"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2020.04.011","article-title":"Psychological flexibility as shared process of change in acceptance and commitment therapy and exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single case design study","volume":"52","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.06.005","article-title":"Adding acceptance and commitment therapy to exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"108","author":"Twohig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"B79","volume-title":"ACT-informed exposure for anxiety: creating effective, innovative, and values-based exposures using acceptance and commitment therapy","author":"Thompson","year":"2023"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.118.017160","article-title":"REBUS and the anarchic brain: toward a unified model of the brain action of psychedelics","volume":"71","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28111-3","article-title":"From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS)","volume":"15","author":"Zeifman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12896","article-title":"Causal attributions and OCD treatment response: a linguistic analysis of OCD patients\u2019 self-reported etiological explanations in intensive residential treatment","volume":"64","author":"Ching","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Psychol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.03.001","article-title":"Biomedical causal attributions for obsessive-compulsive disorder: associations with patient perceptions of prognosis and treatment expectancy","volume":"18","author":"Gershkovich","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2014.905207","article-title":"Trauma-related obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a review","volume":"2","author":"Dykshoorn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Psychol Behav Med"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2017.02.005","article-title":"The effect of trauma on the severity of obsessive-compulsive spectrum symptoms: a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-022-01352-5","article-title":"The relationship between trauma exposure and obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth: a systematic review","volume":"54","author":"Wislocki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20284","article-title":"Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"25","author":"Gershuny","year":"2008","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2054.2019.017","article-title":"Intersectional insights from an MDMA-assisted psychotherapy training trial: an open letter to racial\/ethnic and sexual\/gender minorities","volume":"4","author":"Ching","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychedelic Stud"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1177\/00221678221076993","article-title":"MDMA-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: a mixed-methods case study of a participant of color from an open-label trial","volume":"64","author":"Ching","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Humanist Psychol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1726818\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T11:20:28Z","timestamp":1765365628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1726818\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"references-count":89,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1726818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1726818","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"article-number":"1726818"}}