{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:27:30Z","timestamp":1787027250528,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are cognitive\u2013emotional patterns linked to depression. Their role in psychiatric rehabilitation and treatment success remains unclear. This study examines the association between EMSs and depressive symptom severity at admission and its impact on treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2,568 patients in a 6-week outpatient psychiatric rehabilitation program in Austria were assessed. EMSs were measured using the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 (YSQ-S3), and depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-2). Multiple regression analyses determined the predictive value of EMSs on symptom severity and treatment response. Cluster analyses identified schema profiles and their relation to treatment success.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher EMS scores, especially in\n                      <jats:italic>Disconnection\/Rejection<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Impaired Autonomy\/Performance<\/jats:italic>\n                      , correlated with higher depression levels at admission. Regression models explained 46% of symptom variance. However, EMSs had limited predictive value for treatment success, with small effects for\n                      <jats:italic>Dependence\/Incompetence<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Subjugation<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Cluster analyses showed that patients with high EMSs had more severe symptoms but similar clinical improvement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EMSs showed a significant influence on the severity of depressive symptoms at admission. However, their impact on treatment success was limited; namely, similar clinical improvement was found in patients with high EMSs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1698633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T06:45:36Z","timestamp":1769582736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of depressive symptoms and treatment success in an outpatient rehabilitation sample"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Schosser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Fischer-Hansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Leopoldau, BBRZ 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