{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:21:07Z","timestamp":1788272467370,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition characterized by symptoms of inattention, disorganization, and\/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Bruxism, defined as repetitive masticatory muscle activity involving clenching or grinding of the teeth and\/or forceful mandibular movements, has been associated with several physiological and psychosocial factors. Considering the neurobehavioral profile of individuals with ADHD, a possible association between ADHD and bruxism has been hypothesized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether an association exists between ADHD and bruxism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five electronic databases and two gray literature sources. Observational studies comparing individuals with ADHD to non-ADHD controls, with data on the presence of bruxism, were included. Independent authors conducted study selection and data extraction. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tools. A pairwise meta-analysis was performed using RevMan Web. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Sixteen studies with 16,348 participants were included. The pooled OR indicated that individuals with ADHD were two times more likely to present bruxism compared to controls (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.72-2.71; p &amp;lt; 0.00001, I2 51%). Subgroup analyses by age group showed a consistent association across children, adolescents, and adults. Moderate heterogeneity and potential small-study bias (with little impact on the pooled results after sensitivity analysis) were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current evidence supports a possible association between ADHD and bruxism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1762324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:54:27Z","timestamp":1788270867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and bruxism: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anna Carolina Pereira","family":"Thimoteo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa 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Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Pauletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Las Americas","place":["Quito, Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristine","family":"Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Brasilia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Bohner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina","place":["Florian\u00f3polis, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziela","family":"De Luca Canto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina","place":["Florian\u00f3polis, 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