{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T06:17:51Z","timestamp":1775110671632,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify risk factors for splenomegaly in chronic schizophrenia patients and clarify associations among metabolic\u2212immunoinflammatory pathways, psychiatric symptoms and splenomegaly. The findings will help optimize somatic monitoring and intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case\u2212control design was used. A total of 426 patients were assigned to splenomegaly (n= 165) and non\u2212splenomegaly (n= 261) groups according to abdominal ultrasound. Demographic data, clinical information, and antipsychotic use were collected. Mental symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Hematological indicators were detected, and abdominal ultrasound was performed to evaluate spleen morphology and fatty liver occurrence. SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis, including univariate analysis and binary logistic regression to screen influencing factors of splenomegaly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The splenomegaly group had significantly higher levels of lipoprotein(a), cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, CRP, IL-6 and \u03b22-microglobulin than the non-splenomegaly group (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05). The incidence of fatty liver and PANSS negative symptom score were significantly higher in the splenomegaly group, while the usage rate of aripiprazole was lower (\n                      <jats:italic>p&amp;lt; 0.05<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Binary logistic regression showed that HbA1c (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.797,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.046) and PANSS negative symptom score (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.258,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.003) were independently associated with splenomegaly. Aripiprazole use was associated with lower odds of splenomegaly (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.656,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.041).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Splenomegaly in chronic schizophrenia patients is closely linked to metabolic abnormalities and immunoinflammatory activation. Prominent negative symptoms are independently associated with splenomegaly and may serve as an early warning signal. Aripiprazole use is independently associated with reduced odds of splenomegaly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1790346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T05:23:40Z","timestamp":1775107420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of abnormal metabolic-immunoinflammatory pathway on splenomegaly in patients with chronic schizophrenia and exploration of risk factors: case-control study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Five, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Capital Medical School, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chuiyangliu Hospital affiliated with Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Changping Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chuiyangliu Hospital affiliated with Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01730-X","article-title":"Schizophrenia","volume":"399","author":"Jauhar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02537176211056358","article-title":"A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study on drug treatment awareness in 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