{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T12:15:36Z","timestamp":1783426536005,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To examine the prevalence, categories, and timing of psychosocial stressors preceding Down Syndrome Regression Disorder (DSRD) onset, and to characterize the clinical presentation in a cohort of adolescents and adults evaluated at two specialized referral clinics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all individuals diagnosed with DSRD between 2021 and 2024. Psychosocial stressors occurring \u2264 6 months before symptom onset were identified using a standardized coding matrix and independently rated by two blinded coders. Sociodemographic, clinical, and functional severity variables were summarized using descriptive statistics and exact 95% confidence intervals.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n At least one adverse psychosocial stressor was identified in 91% of the cohort (31\/34; 95% CI 76\u201398). The most frequent categories were bereavement or illness of a close person (35%; 95% CI 20\u201354) and separation or displacement of a significant figure (32%; 95% CI 17\u201351). Social withdrawal (100%; 95% CI 90-100), psychomotor slowing (97%; 95% CI 85-100), and loss of previously acquired abilities (94%; 95% CI 80-99) were the most common symptoms at initial assessment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1799799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:29:41Z","timestamp":1783423781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychosocial stressors prior to Down Syndrome Regression Disorder: findings from two referral clinics"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Ortega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Ortu\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra","place":["Pamplona, Spain"]},{"name":"Health Research Institute, Navarra (IdiSNA)","place":["Pamplona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Real de As\u00faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Adult Down Syndrome Outpatient Clinic, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Foundation of the Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-019-0706-8","article-title":"Unexplained regression in Down syndrome: 35 cases from an international Down syndrome database","volume":"22","author":"Santoro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.940175","article-title":"Assessment and diagnosis of Down syndrome regression disorder: International expert consensus","volume":"13","author":"Santoro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-90083-4_7","article-title":"Regression in adolescents and adults with Down syndrome","volume-title":"Physical Health of Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","author":"Chicoine","year":"2019"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S77307","article-title":"Catatonia in Down syndrome; a treatable cause of regression","volume":"11","author":"Ghaziuddin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.63199","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the development of Down syndrome regression disorder","volume":"191","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci7060057","article-title":"Acute regression in young people with Down syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Mircher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000001086","article-title":"Is developmental regression in Down syndrome linked to life stressors","volume":"43","author":"Sargado","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e31828b2b42","article-title":"Developmental regression, depression, and psychosocial stress in an adolescent with Down syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Stein","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S210613","article-title":"Catatonia in Down syndrome: Systematic approach to diagnosis, treatment and outcome assessment based on a case series of seven patients","volume":"15","author":"Miles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2021.105602","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and low socioeconomic status with respect to allostatic load in adulthood: A systematic review","volume":"136","author":"Misiak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386495-6.00007-2","article-title":"Regression: Atypical loss of attained functioning in children and adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Devenny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2021.100305","article-title":"Deciphering the links between psychological stress, depression, and neurocognitive decline in patients with Down syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Poumeaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol Stress"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.02.010","article-title":"Depression in Down syndrome: A review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"B14","article-title":"Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1799799\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:29:42Z","timestamp":1783423782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1799799\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1799799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1799799","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"article-number":"1799799"}}