{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:02:42Z","timestamp":1784872962342,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the associations among emotional neglect (EN), stress-is-enhancing mindset (SIEM), stress-is-debilitating mindset (SIDM), and positive mental health (PMH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cross-sectional survey was employed in this study. A sample of 2150 college students (826 males) completed the emotional neglect subscale of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, the Stress Mindset Measure and the Positive Mental Health Scale. The PROCESS macro version 4.2 for SPSS was used to examine the moderated mediation model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EN negatively predicted PMH (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u00a00.001). SIEM mediated the association between EN and PMH. Moreover, SIDM (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a00.04,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u00a00.001) not merely moderated the relationship between EN and PMH, but also moderated the link between EN and SIEM (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a00.04,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u00a00.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EN has a direct negative link to PMH and an indirect negative link to PMH through SIEM. Importantly, high SIDM mitigates the direct negative relation between EN and PMH. Moreover, the indirect negative effects of EN on PMH via SIEM diminish as SIDM increases, and the mediation pathway of SIEM is neutralized under high SIDM. These findings preliminary reveal the interplay between SIEM and SIDM in post-traumatic cognitive processing, offering new insights into the non-linear processes of psychological adaptation following early adversity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1834490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:35:29Z","timestamp":1784871329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The associations between emotional neglect and positive mental health: the mediating role of stress-is-enhancing mindset and the moderating role of stress-is-debilitating mindset"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hongchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haizhou","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Yili Normal University","place":["Ghulja, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, Weifang University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/14623730.2009.9721788","article-title":"Addressing the determinants of positive mental health: concepts, evidence and practice","volume":"11","author":"Barry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Promot"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007219227883","article-title":"Toward an integration of subjective well-being and psychopathology","volume":"54","author":"Greenspoon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc Indic Res"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-025-02319-x","article-title":"The nature of the relation between mental well-being and ill-being","volume":"9","author":"Tamnes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3090197","article-title":"The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life","volume":"43","author":"Keyes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5133-2","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of positive mental health in Chinese adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2022.100354","article-title":"Suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and positive mental health in Chinese medical students","volume":"9","author":"Brailovskaia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord Rep"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-025-00520-3","article-title":"The merits of undergraduate student samples","volume":"5","author":"Talarico","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Rev Psychol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2020.154","article-title":"Emotional abuse and neglect: time to focus on prevention and mental health consequences","volume":"217","author":"Kumari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70093","article-title":"Parent-adolescent discrepancies in perceptions of parental warmth: cross-cultural differences and longitudinal associations with internalizing symptoms","volume":"35","author":"Esposito","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26904586.2023.2179564","article-title":"Difficulties in emotion regulation mediate the relationship between childhood emotional neglect severity and psychological well-being in Italian young adults","volume":"20","author":"Di Paola","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fam Trauma Child Custody Child Dev"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16128\/j.cnki.1005-3611.2016.03.028","article-title":"Childhood trauma and subjective well-being in postgraduates: The mediating of coping style","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Psych"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejtd.2024.100434","article-title":"Childhood emotional neglect and its relationship with well-being: Mediation analyses","volume":"8","author":"Wilk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Dissoc"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-022-01321-y","article-title":"A network analysis approach to understanding the relationship between childhood trauma and wellbeing later in life","volume":"54","author":"Volgenau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2017.1304478","article-title":"The impact of protective factors on posttraumatic growth for college student survivors of childhood maltreatment","volume":"26","author":"Mohr","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Aggress Maltreat Trauma"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1501_01","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence","volume":"15","author":"Tedeschi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Inq"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4988","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.23027","article-title":"Emotional neglect and posttraumatic growth among Chinese adolescents: A moderated mediation model of psychological suzhi and school engagement","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Sch"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-025-07300-5","article-title":"Does time perspective affect the association between childhood traumas and post-traumatic growth","volume":"44","author":"G\u00f6kkaya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.70003","article-title":"Can current post-traumatic growth models capture the lived experience of life with a fluctuating chronic illness? Towards a new model","volume":"30","author":"Murphy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.0805072","article-title":"The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates","volume":"165","author":"Beck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2024.2427654","article-title":"Reframing prolonged negative mental health effects of COVID-19: cognitive restructuring promotes posttraumatic growth","volume":"41","author":"Matuz","year":"2026","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32120666","article-title":"Cognitive mechanisms explaining the relationship between post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth in survivors of breast cancer","volume":"32","author":"Mirabolfathi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13075\/mp.5893.01432","article-title":"From negative to positive effects of secondary exposure to trauma: the mediating role of cognitive coping strategies","volume":"74","author":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Pr"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031201","article-title":"Rethinking stress: the role of mindsets in determining the stress response","volume":"104","author":"Crum","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2016.1275585","article-title":"The role of stress mindset in shape cognitive, emotional, and physiological responses to challenging and threatening stress","volume":"30","author":"Crum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1080\/01443410.2023.2231668","article-title":"Stress mindset, coping strategies, and well-being of secondary students in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"43","author":"Caleon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educ Psychol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s11218-025-10041-9","article-title":"Exploring a two-factor structure of stress mindsets in academic contexts: their connections with emotional and behavioral outcomes","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Soc Psychol Educ"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70089","article-title":"Positive stress mindset is vulnerable: unpacking the internal system and external loop of dynamic stress mindset","volume":"41","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2021.104399","article-title":"Family support and posttraumatic growth among tourism workers during the COVID-19 shutdown: the role of positive stress mindset","volume":"88","author":"Luu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tour Manag"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-022-09883-8","article-title":"Stress mindset and social identification in chronic pain patients and their relationship to coping, well-being and depression","volume":"30","author":"Gr\u00fcnenwald","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol Med Settings"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpr.12488","article-title":"Stress mindset and university students\u2019 mental health in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mediating model","volume":"68","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Jpn Psychol Res"},{"key":"B31","volume-title":"Effect of stress mindset and adverse childhood experiences on college students' academic success and psychological well-being","author":"Long","year":"2018"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503620766","volume-title":"A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance","author":"Festinger","year":"1957"},{"key":"B33","article-title":"The impact of childhood trauma on positive mental health among Chinese collegestudents: the roles of positive mental health literacy, stress-is-enhancing andstress-is-debilitating mindsets","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire","volume":"27","author":"Bernstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"B35","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of childhood trauma questionnaire","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"B36","article-title":"Initial reliability and validity of childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ-SF) applied in Chinese college students","volume":"13","author":"Fu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"B37","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Stress Mindset Measure","volume":"30","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-016-0111-x","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the positive mental health scale (PMHS)","volume":"4","author":"Lukat","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychol"},{"key":"B39","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Positive Mental Health Scale in urban adults","volume":"37","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Ment Health J"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-072225-121053","article-title":"Early life stress effects on children's biology, behavior, and health: Evidence, mediators, moderators, and solutions","volume":"77","author":"Bush","year":"2026","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70030","article-title":"Gender differences in adolescent school stress: a mixed-method study","volume":"35","author":"Garc\u00eda-Moya","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B42","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2022"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70075","article-title":"School-related worries in the day-to-day lives of early adolescent females: links to positive affect and depressive symptoms","volume":"35","author":"Silk","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejtd.2020.100195","article-title":"What promotes post traumatic growth? A systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Henson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Dissoc"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nhs.13018","article-title":"Protecting healthcare workers\u2019 mental health against COVID-19-related stress: The effects of stress mindset and psychological resilience","volume":"25","author":"Emirza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs Health Sci"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70019","article-title":"Networks of guilt, shame, pride, and disordered eating in youths show stability over time","volume":"35","author":"Uddenberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70109","article-title":"The effects of allostatic load, bullying, and social mobility belief on depression among socioeconomically disadvantaged Chinese adolescents","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605251343193","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and family health in adulthood: is perceived social support an accelerant or a buffer","volume":"38","author":"Lou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70080","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences, basic psychological needs, and adolescent affective distress: revisiting the buffering role of resilience factors","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026595011371","article-title":"Equivalence of the mediation, confounding and suppression effect","volume":"1","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prev Sci"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70052","article-title":"Who fits the glass slipper? adolescent dispositional profiles and their link with instant messaging social support and mental health","volume":"35","author":"De Raeymaecker","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B52","article-title":"Charting the experience of children and adolescents affected by emotional neglect (1st ed)","author":"Wojtyna","year":"2025"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-025-02222-8","article-title":"Parental emotion socialization and difficulties in emotion regulation in adolescents: a network analysis","volume":"54","author":"Azevedo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/abc.131","article-title":"Wandering and wondering: traversing the uneven terrain of the second college year","volume":"10","author":"Schaller","year":"2005","journal-title":"About Campus"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70096","article-title":"Connecting the dots: examining stressful life events, campus climate, and school engagement on academic achievement and psychological distress","volume":"35","author":"Cruz","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-024-02118-z","article-title":"Longitudinal association between childhood emotional maltreatment and gratitude in Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of parent-child attachment","volume":"54","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70078","article-title":"Reframing stress: the impact of stress mindset on adolescent sleep health","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-025-02235-3","article-title":"Callous-unemotional traits, moral disengagement, and prosocial and bullying behaviors in adolescence: disentangling between- and within-person associations","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/14.1.32","article-title":"Sick individuals and sick populations","volume":"14","author":"Rose","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1834490\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:35:32Z","timestamp":1784871332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1834490\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1834490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1834490","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"article-number":"1834490"}}