{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:04:59Z","timestamp":1789988699511,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, often\u2014but not always\u2014characterized by inattention, hyperactivity\/impulsivity, and deficits in executive functions (EFs); some individuals may also exhibit sensorimotor dysfunction. While SMN dysfunction has been implicated in ADHD, the patterns of SMN functional connectivity (FC) and their relationships with clinical symptoms and EFs remain inconsistent, partly due to methodological heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 62 medication-na\u00efve patients with ADHD (aged 6\u201315 years) and 46 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and IQ. Clinical symptoms and EFs were assessed using CPRS, IVA-CPT, and Stroop tests. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired, and ROIs within SMN, SN, DMN, and FPN were selected from the Dosenbach atlas. FC was analyzed using Network-Based Statistics (NBS). Partial correlations explored FC\u2013behavior relationships in the ADHD group, controlling for age, sex, and IQ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ADHD group showed significantly higher CPRS hyperactivity\/impulsivity scores and poorer IVA-CPT and Stroop performance. Compared to controls, ADHD showed increased FC within SMN (right posterior insula to left precentral gyrus\/parietal lobe), between SMN\u2013DMN (precentral gyrus, dorsal frontal cortex, temporal lobe, angular gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus), and SMN\u2013SN (middle insula, superior parietal lobule, superior temporal gyrus, basal ganglia, and fusiform gyrus). Enhanced intra-SMN FC was negatively correlated with impulsivity\/hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores. Enhanced SMN\u2013DMN FC was negatively correlated with hyperactivity symptoms and positively correlated with control quotients in IVA-CPT. Enhanced SMN\u2013SN FC was negatively correlated with Stroop correct responses and positively correlated with omission errors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this medication-na\u00efve pediatric sample, distinct SMN connectivity patterns differentially related to ADHD symptoms and executive function. However, given the cross-sectional design and modest sample size, these associations cannot establish causality; they require replication in longitudinal studies and larger cohorts to clarify whether they reflect developmental variation, neurobiological subtypes, or epiphenomena.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1843959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:39:52Z","timestamp":1785130792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Resting-state functional connectivity of the sensorimotor network in medication-na\u00efve Chinese children with ADHD: cross-sectional associations with hyperactivity\/impulsivity and executive function"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Han-Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Beilun District People's 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China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Qi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University","place":["Wenzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University","place":["Wenzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15010065","article-title":"Exploring the intersection of ADHD and music: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Saville","year":"2025","journal-title":"Behav Sci 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