{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:58:10Z","timestamp":1785308290361,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report two case studies that examine the therapeutic potential of structured psilocybin-containing mushroom biomass regimens administered within a clinical framework, evaluating their impact on mental health outcomes as well as associated somatic symptoms. Two patients underwent the De La Haye Psilocybin Treatment Protocol (DPTP), which integrates micro- and high-doses (combined psilocybin and psilocin content of 1\u20132 mg versus 40\u201360 mg) with psychohistoriographic psychotherapy. Follow-up included an integration session and subsequent office visits, including the completion of the Revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-30) two months post-treatment. Case 1 described a 29-year-old female with social anxiety, self-criticism, chronic musculoskeletal pain, and a recent diagnosis of diabetes. Post-treatment, she reported reduced shame, increased self-confidence, and substantial reductions in pain severity. Case 2 involved a 44-year-old female presenting with depression, hopelessness, and long-COVID-related anosmia and ageusia. She reported enhanced psychological resilience, improved mood, and resolution of diffuse body aches. Following the therapeutic dose, she also reported a 80-90% recovery of smell and taste after three years of dysfunction, post COVID-19 infection. The MEQ-30 scores were both high, indicating profound mystical-type experiences. These cases demonstrate improvements in psychological and somatic symptoms following participation in the DPTP. While the pain reduction and observed recovery of olfactory and gustatory function is noteworthy, spontaneous improvements cannot be excluded and further controlled investigation is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1876189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T05:58:03Z","timestamp":1785304683000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psilocybin-containing mushroom-assisted psychotherapy is associated with sustained psychological and somatic improvements: two case studies from Jamaica"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Caitlyn Hanna","family":"Sams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Caribbean Centre for Research in Biosciences, The University of the West Indies Mona Campus","place":["Kingston, Jamaica"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmine","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Miami","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuradha","family":"Ramdas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Miami","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupika","family":"Delgoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caribbean Centre for Research in Biosciences, The University of the West Indies Mona Campus","place":["Kingston, Jamaica"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Vidot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Miami","place":["Miami, FL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marvin","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, The University of the West Indies Mona Campus","place":["Kingston, Jamaica"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston","family":"De La Haye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, The University of the West Indies Mona Campus","place":["Kingston, Jamaica"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Mental health: our approach","volume-title":"Healthdata.Org","year":""},{"key":"B2","article-title":"Global health data exchange (GHDx)","volume-title":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation","year":"2022"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fepid.2025.1467838","article-title":"Neighborhood disorder and depressive symptoms in Jamaican adults: the mediating roles of neighborhood crime and safety problems and collective efficacy","volume":"5","author":"Cuningham-Myrie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neurol Ment Health Epidemiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: A systemic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"290","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s44250-024-00093-7","article-title":"Working towards a paradigm shift in mental health: stakeholder perspectives on improving healthcare access for people with serious mental illnesses and chronic physical illnesses in Jamaica","volume":"3","author":"Whitehorne-Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discov Health Syst"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30065-7","article-title":"Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study","volume":"3","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2023.107854","article-title":"In silico characterization of the psilocybin biosynthesis pathway","volume":"104","author":"Irvine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput Biol Chem"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881117731279","article-title":"Psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience in combination with meditation and other spiritual practices produces enduring positive changes in psychological functioning and in trait measures of prosocial attitudes and behaviors","volume":"32","author":"Griffiths","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2017.01.024","article-title":"Clinical potential of psilocybin as a treatment for mental health conditions","volume":"7","author":"Daniel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ment Health Clin"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.12.006","article-title":"Psilocybin\u2013summary of knowledge and new perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Tyl\u0161","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1556\/2054.2019.008","article-title":"The oldest archeological data evidencing the relationship of Homo sapiens with psychoactive plants: a worldwide overview","volume":"3","author":"Samorini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychedelic Stud"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3757901","article-title":"New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala","volume":"63","author":"Lowy","year":"1971","journal-title":"Mycologia"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1079\/PAVSNNR201914045","article-title":"Traditional knowledge systems and the role of traditional medicine in Jamaica","volume":"14","author":"Picking","year":"2019","journal-title":"CABI Rev"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.05.025","article-title":"The prevalence of herbal medicine home use and concomitant use with pharmaceutical medicines in Jamaica","volume":"137","author":"Picking","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1136990","article-title":"Psychedelic assisted psychotherapy preparing your target using psychohistoriography: a Jamaican perspective","volume":"14","author":"De La Haye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funbio.2023.12.001","article-title":"The effect of casing and gypsum on the yield and psychoactive tryptamine content of Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) singer","volume":"128","author":"Foster","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fungal Biol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoacint\/qsaf072","article-title":"Towards standardized products containing biomass of Psilocybe cubensis fungi","volume":"109","author":"Foster","year":"2025","journal-title":"J AOAC Int"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-48489-7_6","article-title":"Psychohistoriographic culture therapy: the technique","volume-title":"Decolonization of Psychiatry in Jamaica","author":"Hickling","year":"2021"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881115609019","article-title":"Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin","volume":"29","author":"Barrett","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5906.2012.01685.x","article-title":"Factor analysis of the mystical experience questionnaire: a study of experiences occasioned by the hallucinogen psilocybin","volume":"51","author":"MacLean","year":"2012","journal-title":"J For Sci Study Religion"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed, text, rev.)","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Psychiatr Assoc"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2006.8.2\/fduval","article-title":"Treatments in depression","volume":"8","author":"Duval","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000001054","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and anxiety-related conditions","volume":"27","author":"Williamson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Continuum"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2023.104556","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for depression and anxiety in the primary care setting","volume":"19","author":"Parish","year":"2023","journal-title":"J For Nurse Practitioners"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurx.2005.12.007","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of depression","volume":"3","author":"Holtzheimer","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroRX"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.009","article-title":"Psilocybin-assisted mindfulness training modulates self-consciousness and brain default mode network connectivity with lasting effects","volume":"196","author":"Smigielski","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2020-101273","article-title":"Chronic pain and psychedelics: a review and proposed mechanism of action","volume":"45","author":"Castellanos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regional Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5c00152","article-title":"Classic psychedelics in pain modulation: mechanisms, clinical evidence, and future perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Czopek","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.17420","article-title":"Psilocybin as a novel treatment for chronic pain","volume":"183","author":"Askey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2023.v113i11.814","article-title":"LSD and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain: a narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain","volume":"113","author":"van der Walt","year":"2023","journal-title":"South Afr Med J"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2024.112020","article-title":"Exploring the role in psychedelic-assisted therapy in enhancing spirituality and mystical experiences in patients with life-threatening illnesses: a systematic review","volume":"189","author":"Ferreira","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-024-01353-0","article-title":"Pain and perception: exploring psychedelics as novel therapeutic agents in chronic pain management","volume":"29","author":"Strand","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120001826","article-title":"Smell and taste recovery in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a 60-day objective and prospective study","volume":"134","author":"Vaira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s43163-020-00050-0","article-title":"Incidence and recovery of smell and taste dysfunction in COVID-19 positive patients","volume":"36","author":"Al-Zaidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Egyptian J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06520-8","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral corticosteroids and olfactory training in the management of COVID-19-related loss of smell","volume":"278","author":"Le Bon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Arch Oto Rhino Laryngol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02360-0","article-title":"Psychedelics for acquired brain injury: a review of molecular mechanisms of therapeutic potential","volume":"29","author":"Allen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15020117","article-title":"Psychedelic-induced neural plasticity: a comprehensive review and a discussion of clinical implications","volume":"15","author":"Weiss","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18010130","article-title":"Uncovering psychedelics: from neural circuits to therapeutic applications","volume":"18","author":"Melani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wjo2.163","article-title":"Recovery rates and long-term olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19 infection","volume":"10","author":"Dias","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.62878","article-title":"Self-blinding citizen science to explore psychedelic microdosing","volume":"10","author":"Szigeti","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.14530","article-title":"Single-dose psilocybin treatment for major depressive disorder: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"330","author":"Raison","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2487","article-title":"Acute effects of psilocybin after escitalopram or placebo pretreatment in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy subjects","volume":"111","author":"Becker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2023.2295997","article-title":"Set and setting predict psychopathology, wellbeing and meaningfulness of psychedelic experiences: a correlational study","volume":"17","author":"Borkel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2021_298","article-title":"Effects of setting on psychedelic experiences, therapies, and outcomes: a rapid scoping review of the literature","volume-title":"Disruptive Psychopharmacology","author":"Golden","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1876189\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T05:58:06Z","timestamp":1785304686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1876189\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1876189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1876189","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"article-number":"1876189"}}