{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:03:58Z","timestamp":1789625038985,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with an increased risk of postpartum depressive symptoms, while maternal vitamin D status may also be related to perinatal mood disturbances. This study investigated the association between first-trimester serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)-positive postpartum depressive symptoms in women with GDM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 242 women with GDM. Prenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. Sequential logistic regression models were adjusted for baseline maternal characteristics, prenatal PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 242 women, 69 had EPDS-positive postpartum depressive symptoms. Each 5-ng\/mL increase in 25(OH)D was associated with lower odds of EPDS-positive symptoms in the crude model (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.25\u20130.48) and after adjustment for baseline characteristics (adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.25\u20130.50). After additional adjustment for prenatal PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores, the association was attenuated and was no longer statistically significant overall (adjusted OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.43\u20131.12; P = 0.134). Additional adjustment for HbA1c produced similar results. Exploratory stratified analyses using the full Model 2 covariate set showed no statistically significant associations within strata defined by pre-pregnancy BMI, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, or insulin use, and no significant interactions were detected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that the overall association between first-trimester 25(OH)D and postpartum depressive symptoms was substantially influenced by prenatal mental health status and was not consistently demonstrated after comprehensive covariate adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  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China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huizi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The 962 Hospital, Joint Logistic Support of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army","place":["Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Perinatal depression","volume-title":"Statpearls","author":"Carlson","year":"2026"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102353","article-title":"Risk factors for postpartum depression: An evidence-based systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"53","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1714668","article-title":"Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella 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