{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T07:00:51Z","timestamp":1785308451784,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses are chronically exposed to patient suffering, death, and morally complex decisions, placing them at elevated risk of empathy fatigue. China currently lacks a psychometrically sound instrument developed specifically to capture empathy fatigue within the ICU specialty context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Empathy Fatigue Scale for Health Professionals (EFS-HP) into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties among ICU nurses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EFS-HP was translated and adapted following Sousa\u2019s seven-step framework and Brislin\u2019s translation model. A convenience sample of 300 ICU nurses from a tertiary grade-A hospital in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region completed the Chinese EFS-HP and the Compassion Fatigue Scale for Medical Staff (CFS-MS). Item analysis, reliability testing (internal consistency, split-half, test\u2013retest), and validity testing (content validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, convergent validity) were performed using SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 31.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Chinese EFS-HP retained all 21 items but yielded a two-factor structure\u2014Emotional Load and Exhaustion State\u2014accounting for 78.165% of the total variance. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 = 0.981), split-half reliability (Spearman\u2013Brown = 0.938), and test\u2013retest reliability (r = 0.958). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor model over the original single-factor model. The total score showed a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation with the CFS-MS (r = 0.587, P &amp;lt; 0.001), supporting convergent validity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Chinese EFS-HP is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing empathy fatigue among ICU nurses and may serve as a practical screening tool to inform targeted mental health interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1918940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:04:10Z","timestamp":1785305050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the empathy fatigue scale for health professionals among intensive care unit 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