{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:50:30Z","timestamp":1791355830386,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Personality-cognition associations may vary across adulthood, but findings are inconsistent. The present study examined associations between personality traits and cognitive functioning within younger and older adults and explored whether these associations differed across age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional design was used. Participants were 191 adults divided into younger (N = 99; 19\u201349 years) and older (N = 92; 50\u201387 years) groups. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV, and personality with the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality. Between-group comparisons, covariate-adjusted hierarchical regressions, and exploratory facet-level and personality-configuration analyses were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Younger adults obtained higher age-normed scores than older adults on Full-Scale IQ, Working Memory, and Processing Speed and reported higher Neuroticism. In younger adults, higher Extraversion was independently associated with lower Full-Scale IQ after adjustment for chronological age, sex, education, Neuroticism, and Aggressiveness. A nominal negative association between Extraversion and Verbal Comprehension did not remain significant after Holm correction. Exploratory facet-level analyses yielded significant overall models for Full-Scale IQ and Verbal Comprehension, with Impulsivity uniquely associated only with Verbal Comprehension. In older adults, no significant one-dimensional personality-cognition associations were observed. Exploratory analyses indicated that a high-Extraversion\/low-Neuroticism configuration was associated with better Working Memory and Processing Speed; facet-level characterization implicated Impulsivity, Adventure Seeking, Stress Susceptibility, and Psychic Trait Anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest a direct association between Extraversion and global cognitive functioning in younger adults, whereas exploratory findings in older adults suggest more configurational personality-cognition patterns. Replication in larger, independent samples is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1925413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:58:43Z","timestamp":1791352723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Personality and cognition across the lifespan: investigating their interplay and age-related differences"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mats","family":"Najstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stockholm University","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ove","family":"Almkvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Lindau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stockholm University","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1017\/pen.2018.12","article-title":"Network neuroscience and personality","volume":"1","author":"Markett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Neurosci"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01690965.2011.568227","article-title":"Conceptual structure: Towards an integrated neurocognitive account","volume":"26","author":"Taylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lang cog Proc"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12548","article-title":"Personality-cognition associations across the adult life span and potential moderators: Results from two cohorts","volume":"88","author":"Simon","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390590954209","article-title":"Five-factor personality dimensions, mood states, and cognitive performance in older adults","volume":"28","author":"Booth","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cl Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2010.06.002","article-title":"Five-factor model personality traits and executive functioning among older adults","volume":"44","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1337320","article-title":"The relationship between personality and cognition in older adults with and without early-onset depression","volume":"15","author":"Armstrong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021816","article-title":"Personality\u2013cognition relations across adulthood","volume":"7","author":"Soubelet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2021.104157","article-title":"Personality change profiles and changes in cognition among middle-aged and older adults","volume":"95","author":"Stieger","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2793","article-title":"The neuroscience of human intelligence differences","volume":"11","author":"Deary","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X16000959","article-title":"The evolution of general intelligence","volume":"40","author":"Burkart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"B11","article-title":"The Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory of cognitive abilities: Past, present, and future","volume-title":"Contemporary Intellectual Assessment: Theories, Tests, and Issues","author":"McGrew","year":"2005"},{"key":"B12","volume-title":"Wais Iv: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale \u2013 Fourth Edition. 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