{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:13:20Z","timestamp":1788455600608,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023322","name":"Szent-Gy\u00d6rgyi Albert Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Szegedi Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Problematic pornography use (PPU) is increasingly studied, but different self-report operationalizations may not identify the same individuals. In this study, a structured symptom-checklist-based classification of pornography-watching disorder (PWD) was compared with direct self-identified pornography addiction (SIPA). The present study examined the overlap and divergence between these two classifications and compared their behavioral, sociodemographic, psychosexual, and psychosocial correlates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were drawn from a large Hungarian web-based community survey. A total of 8,705 adults provided information on pornography use frequency (PUF) and SIPA, while multivariable analyses were conducted on a complete-case sample of 8,088 participants. Both classifications were based on self-report. PWD was operationalized using ten DSM-5-inspired symptom indicators, with four or more symptoms indicating PWD, whereas SIPA was measured using a single dichotomous self-identification item. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with symptom-defined PWD and SIPA, followed by multinomial logistic regression examining concordant and discordant profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Symptom-defined PWD was identified in 4.8% of participants, whereas 3.1% identified themselves as addicted to pornography. The overlap between the two classifications was moderate (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c6<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .430,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;.001). Among participants meeting symptom-based criteria for PWD, 63.7% did not identify themselves as addicted, whereas 43.7% of individuals with SIPA did not meet symptom-based criteria. Symptom-defined PWD was associated with PUF, male sex, greater religiosity, interpersonal difficulties, lower sexual-life satisfaction, earlier exposure to pornography, inadequate sexual education, self-reported sexual disorders, and self-reported paraphilic disorders. In contrast, SIPA was associated primarily with PUF, pornography-related symptom burden, and male sex. Multinomial analyses further showed that individuals who self-identified as addicted despite not meeting symptom-based criteria differed markedly from those with symptom-defined PWD and were distinguished mainly by higher PUF and male sex.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptom-defined PWD and SIPA represent related but non-equivalent operationalizations of problematic pornography involvement. Whereas the checklist-based PWD classification was associated with a broader range of sociodemographic, psychosexual, and psychosocial characteristics, SIPA was associated primarily with PUF and symptom burden. These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between structured symptom-checklist-based classification and direct self-identification in both research and clinical assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1928379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:15:16Z","timestamp":1788452116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Symptom-based and self-identified pornography involvement: concordance, discordance, and multidomain correlates"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"Sz\u00e9ll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education and Psychology, Institute of Education, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","place":["Budapest, 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Szeged, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School","place":["Szeged, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Szeged, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School","place":["Szeged, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Erd\u0151s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Szeged, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School","place":["Szeged, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.1998.1.187","article-title":"Sexuality and the internet: Surfing into the new millennium","volume":"1","author":"Cooper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol 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