{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:27:56Z","timestamp":1753892876035,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding key socio-demographic variables of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine recipients is crucial to improving its acceptance and Nigeria's COVID-19 control strategy. The survey was conducted as a non-probability cross-sectional survey of 2,936 COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Kwara State. Our findings revealed that 74% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2,161) of the vaccine recipients were older than 40 years. Forty percent (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1,180) of the vaccine recipients earned a monthly income &amp;gt;100,000 Naira (equivalent to US $200). Most of the vaccine recipients (64%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1,880) had tertiary education, while 15% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 440) of them had no formal education. Almost half of the recipients (47%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1,262) were government employees and 28.8% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 846) of them had health-related backgrounds. Only 17% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 499) of the vaccine recipients have been screened for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), of which 21% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 105\/499) of them were tested positive. Only 47% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1,378) had been fully immunized. The prevalence of confirmed COVID-19 cases among COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Kwara State was 3.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 105\/2,936). The most recurrent adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) among vaccine recipients were fever (14%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 411), pain at injection site (47%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1,409), headache (19%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 558), and body weakness (9%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 264). The need to protect themselves from the deadly virus was the main reason that prompted people to voluntarily accept the COVID-19 vaccine. There is a high level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among respondents across all social classes including those with no formal education, those with very low monthly income (&amp;lt; US $2 per day), and in untested population. Hence, vaccine donors should prioritize equitable distribution to Low-and-Middle-income Countries (LMICs) such as Nigeria, and health authorities should improve vaccine advocacy to focus on vaccine safety and efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.773998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T08:11:50Z","timestamp":1641370310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Socio-Demographic Characteristics of COVID-19 Vaccine Recipients in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ahmad Ibrahim","family":"Al-Mustapha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Musa Imam","family":"Abubakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muftau","family":"Oyewo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita Enyam","family":"Esighetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwaseun Adeolu","family":"Ogundijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukman Dele","family":"Bolanle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwatosin Enoch","family":"Fakayode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullateef Saliman","family":"Olugbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Oguntoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nusirat","family":"Elelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2405-7","article-title":"Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe","volume":"584","author":"Flaxman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2174\/2666796701999200905092833","article-title":"Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions are measures to control coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission in India","volume":"2","author":"Vijayaraghavan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Coronaviruses."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2293-x","article-title":"Effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions to contain COVID-19 in China","volume":"585","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"Who.int. 2021"},{"key":"B5","unstructured":"Covid19.who.int. 2021"},{"key":"B6","unstructured":"Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. 2021"},{"key":"B7","unstructured":"Covid-19 Situation Report: Weekly Epidemiological Report 14"},{"key":"B8","unstructured":"COVID-19 vaccines shipped by COVAX arrive in Nigeria [Internet]2021"},{"key":"B9","unstructured":""},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"Nigeria receives 177,600 doses of Johnson & Johnson vaccines for next phase of COVID-19 vaccinations. 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