{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:52:03Z","timestamp":1783353123273,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021S1A5A8062262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021S1A5A8062262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies have shown that suicide is closely related to various social factors. However, due to the restriction in the data scale, our understanding of these social factors is still limited. We propose a conceptual framework for understanding social determinants of suicide at the national level and investigate the relationships between structural determinants (i.e., gender, employment statuses, and occupation) and suicide outcomes (i.e., types of suicide, places of suicide, suicide methods, and warning signs) in South Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We linked a national-level suicide registry from the Korea Psychological Autopsy Center with the Social Determinants of Health framework proposed by the World Health Organization's Commission on Social Determinants of Health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, male and female suicide victims have clear differences in their typical suicide methods (fire vs. drug overdose), primary warning signs (verbal vs. mood), and places of death (suburb vs. home). Second, employees accounted for the largest proportion of murder-suicides (&amp;gt;30%). The proportion of students was much higher for joint suicides than for individual suicides and murder-suicides. Third, among individuals choosing pesticides as their suicide method, over 50% were primary workers. In terms of drug overdoses, professionals and laborers accounted for the largest percentage; the former also constituted the largest proportion in the method of jumping from heights.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A clear connection exists between the investigated structural factors and various suicide outcomes, with gender, social class, and occupation all impacting suicide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1022790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T06:55:16Z","timestamp":1666680916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Linking suicide and social determinants of health in South Korea: An investigation of structural determinants"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seojin","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihyun","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjin","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buzhou","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, 1986: WHO Regional Office for Europe.1986"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.2190\/3MW4-1EK3-DGRQ-2CRF","article-title":"Social determinants of health: present status, unanswered questions, and future directions","volume":"36","author":"Raphael","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Health Serv."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549141291S206","article-title":"The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the causes of the causes","volume":"129","author":"Braveman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"B4","article-title":"Social determinants of health: the sociobiological translation","author":"Tarlov","year":"1996","journal-title":"Health and Social Organization: Towards a Health Policy for the 21st Century"},{"key":"B5","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Social Determinants of Health: The Solid Facts"},{"key":"B6","author":"Brennan Ramirez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Promoting Health Equity; a Resource to Help Communities Address Social Determinants of Health Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."},{"key":"B7","author":"Solar","year":"2010","journal-title":"A Conceptual Framework for Action on the Social Determinants of Health. 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