{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:16:42Z","timestamp":1787242602921,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81202805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81202805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973689"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7172185"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7172185"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005892","name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stable angina pectoris (SAP) often occurs in the elderly and is relatively stable for 1\u20133 months; however, if patients do not receive effective treatment, life-threatening acute myocardial infarction could occur. Patients with different clinical types of coronary heart disease have different intestinal flora. Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese Qigong, has been used as adjuvant therapy to improve the symptoms of patients with SAP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the effect of Baduanjin exercise on the symptoms of patients with SAP and the intestinal flora, explore the action links and targets of Baduanjin intervention in elderly patients with SAP, and explain its mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients and outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The trial will be conducted at Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and eighty patients aged 60 to 80 years with stable angina pectoris (I\u2013III) were intervened for 8 weeks and followed up for half a year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the screened patients, 180 patients will be randomly assigned to either the Baduanjin or the control group at a 1:1 ratio (exercise duration: for 3\u20135 times a week, for 8 weeks) of moderate-intensity Baduanjin or free activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main and secondary results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main result is the total effective rate for angina pectoris symptoms; secondary results include the duration of angina pectoris, number of angina pectoris episodes per week, nitroglycerin consumption, nitroglycerin reduction rate, Seattle angina score (SAQ), quality of life (SF-36),Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, blood lipid serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels, intestinal flora changes, serum changes in the intestinal flora metabolite Trimetlylamine oxide (TMAO), and non-targeted liposome detection. Adverse events will be recorded throughout the experiment, and the data will be analyzed by researchers who did not know about the assignment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides compelling evidence for at-home use of Baduanjin exercise to relieve SAP-associated symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was approved by the ethics committee of Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (2022-121-KY). The trial has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (ChiCTR2200062450).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1027839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T02:47:25Z","timestamp":1667184445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploring the therapeutic mechanism of Baduanjin in the treatment of elderly stable angina pectoris based on the gut microbiota\u2013lipid metabolism spectrum: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longtao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm198","article-title":"Clinical course of isolated stable angina due to coronary heart disease","volume":"28","author":"Poole-Wilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-5-425","article-title":"The care of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease","volume":"109","author":"Wenger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070829","article-title":"Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease","volume":"356","author":"Boden","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1921326","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.21326","article-title":"Trends in characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the United States, 2003-2016","volume":"3","author":"Alkhouli","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1527","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of stable angina: a review","volume":"325","author":"Joshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31823b21e2","article-title":"Referral, enrollment, and delivery of cardiac rehabilitation\/secondary prevention programs at clinical centers and beyond: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"124","author":"Balady","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318235eb4d","article-title":"AHA\/ACCF secondary prevention and risk reduction therapy for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2011 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Foundation","volume":"124","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs092","article-title":"European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). 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