{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:15:38Z","timestamp":1793420138950,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004054","name":"King Abdulaziz University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The emergence of bacterial pathogens in environmental hosts represents a major risk to public health. This study aimed at characterizing seven novel environmental strains of <jats:italic>K. quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic> using a genomic approach which was misidentified by phenotypic methods in a previous batch of 27 species thought to be <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina platform, and the generated raw reads were <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> assembled. Comparative genomic, resistome, virulome, mobilome, and phylogeny were then investigated using dierent bioinformatics tools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six strains were identified as <jats:italic>K. quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic> subsp <jats:italic>similipneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and one as <jats:italic>K. quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and harbored the <jats:italic>fosA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OKP<\/jats:sub> types, <jats:italic>oqxB<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>oqxA<\/jats:italic> genes. One isolate additionally harbored a gene cassettes consisting of <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SHV\u22121<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OXA\u22121<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>aac(6<\/jats:italic>\u2032<jats:italic>)-Ib-cr, catB<\/jats:italic> genes. The aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene <jats:italic>aph(3\u201d)-Ia<\/jats:italic> was bracketed by two insertion elements. Plasmid analyses showed that IncFIB<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub> was the most prevalent plasmid, circulating in six isolates, while one isolate exhibited seven different plasmids. The isolates have virulence genes responsible for capsule formation, lipopolysaccharide, iron uptake aerobactin (<jats:italic>iutA<\/jats:italic>), salmochelins (<jats:italic>iroE, iroN<\/jats:italic>), enterobactin siderophore, adherence, and biofilm formation (<jats:italic>mrkA, mrkB, mrkC, mrkD, mrkF<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>mrkH<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study highlights the ecology and transmission of <jats:italic>K. quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (which have the ability to disseminate to other environmental sources including animals) outside the clinical setting and the contribution of water, vegetables, and table surfaces as potential reservoirs of farm-to-fork transmission of disease via local markets in Khartoum, Sudan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1068888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T06:49:40Z","timestamp":1673506180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Molecular insights into novel environmental strains of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae harboring different antimicrobial-resistance genes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hisham 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