{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:07:17Z","timestamp":1772251637993,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Macrolides have been widely used to treat moderate-to-severe acne for more than 50 years. However, the prevalent antibiotic resistance of Propionibacterium acnes, along with the absence of clinically available resistance tests, has made macrolide misuse a frequent occurrence around the globe, with serious consequences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We developed\n                      <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes quantitative PCR<\/jats:italic>\n                      (qPCR)-based antibiotics resistance assay (ACQUIRE) to enable fast and accurate detection of\n                      <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      macrolide resistance in clinical settings, representing an opportunity to administer antibiotics more wisely and improve the quality of care.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional observational study (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 915) was conducted to probe into the macrolide resistance of\n                      <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      in patients with acne.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The high sensitivity of ACQUIRE enabled us to reveal a much higher\n                      <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      23S recombinant DNA (rDNA) point mutation rate (52%) and thus a higher macrolide resistance (75.5%) compared to previous reports. Carriage of ermX gene was discovered on 472 (53%) subjects, which concurs with previous studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The macrolide resistance of\n                      <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      is much higher than previously reported. Integrating ACQUIRE into acne treatment modalities may eliminate macrolide misuse and achieve better clinical improvements.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.787299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T01:19:32Z","timestamp":1647566372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["C. acnes qPCR-Based Antibiotics Resistance Assay (ACQUIRE) Reveals Widespread Macrolide Resistance in Acne Patients and Can Eliminate Macrolide Misuse in Acne Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jingheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi Ching","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haonan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yantao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tingyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuntong","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuolin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianglin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feizhou","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1702493","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"379","author":"Zaenglein","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60321-8","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"379","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4422","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001367","article-title":"The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov, Cutibacterium gen nov, and Pseudopropionibacterium gen nov","volume":"66","author":"Scholz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Systemat. 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