{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T12:26:04Z","timestamp":1792844764954,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-005318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-005318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Measles and rubella microarray patches (MR-MAPs) are critical in achieving measles and rubella eradication, a goal highly unlikely to meet with current vaccines presentations. With low commercial incentive to MAP developers, limited and uncertain funding, the need for investment in a novel manufacturing facility, and remaining questions about the source of antigen, product demand, and regulatory pathway, MR-MAPs are unlikely to be prequalified by WHO and ready for use before 2033. This article describes the current progress of MR-MAPs, highlights challenges and opportunities pertinent to MR-MAPs manufacturing, regulatory approval, creating demand, and timelines to licensure. 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