{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:28:36Z","timestamp":1753892916629,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A joint comparative regional analysis of different resistance combinations across human and veterinary medicine has not been previously conducted in Germany. This study analyses 16 resistance combinations from four antibiotics in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> from different human and food-producing animal populations in three German regions: East, North West and South West. The <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> data were collected from the three national surveillance and monitoring systems for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria in humans (ARS), food-safety (Zoonosis Monitoring) and animal pathogens (GE<jats:italic>RM<\/jats:italic>-Vet) from January 2014 to December 2017. Analyses were performed using cluster analysis (hierarchical clustering, average linkage) in R. We included data from 537,215 <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates from human clinical isolates, from clinical as well as non-clinical isolates from food-producing animals and from food. The majority of the data originated from the North West region. There were two main clusters built on 54 different human and animal populations. We observed close similarities of resistance combinations in human isolates from the different regions within the same human populations from outpatient cares, general wards and ICUs. These resistance combinations clustered separately from non-clinical isolates from broilers, turkeys, cattle and pigs; except for some of clinical isolates from these populations which clustered closely to isolates from human populations. Frequently, the resistance combinations in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates from farms clustered closely to the resistance combinations in isolates from slaughterhouses from broilers and turkeys over all regions. However, the resistance combinations in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates from retail meat populations tended to cluster separately within their respective populations in between all regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.823613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T04:37:32Z","timestamp":1654749452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Joint Regional Analysis of Resistance Combinations in Escherichia coli in Humans and Different Food-Producing Animal Populations in Germany Between 2014 and 2017"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Beneditta","family":"Suwono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Eckmanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Kaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernd-Alois","family":"Tenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-018-0362-9","article-title":"Carbapenem non-susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in hospitals from 2011 to 2016, data from the German Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (ARS)","volume":"7","author":"Koppe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00909-8","article-title":"The epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii complex in Germany (2014-2018): an analysis of data from the national Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance system","volume":"10","author":"Said","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0594-3","article-title":"The rise in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Germany: data from the German Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (ARS)","volume":"8","author":"Markwart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2271-6","article-title":"Decline in the proportion of methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from non-invasive samples and in outpatient settings, and changes in the co-resistance profiles: an analysis of data collected within the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network, Germany 2010 to 2015","volume":"17","author":"Walter","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2018.0494","article-title":"Antibiotic-resistant E. coli in uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infection","volume":"115","author":"Klingeberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl International."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12939","article-title":"Short communication: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in conventional and organic dairy herds in Germany","volume":"101","author":"Tenhagen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e357","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(19)30130-5","article-title":"Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing \u03b2-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study","volume":"3","author":"Mughini-Gras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0244413","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244413","article-title":"Cluster analysis of resistance combinations in Escherichia coli from different human and animal populations in Germany 2014-2017","volume":"16","author":"Suwono","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"ARS - 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