{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:28:28Z","timestamp":1753892908964,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82002403","82172549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82002403","82172549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012830","name":"Development and Reform Commission of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2012] 1521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2012] 1521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012830","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our previous studies showed that Xiangya Hospital Circuit Training (X-CircuiT) effectively improved physical fitness and reversed pre-frailty in community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to explore the generalizability and applicability of X-CircuiT in different aged populations in the context of exercise intensity and energy expenditure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively recruited 72 community-dwelling sedentary adults, twelve adults divided into 6 age groups ranging from 20 to 80 years old and separated by decades. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed to determine peak heart rate (HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>). An individual HR-oxygen consumption regression equation was fit for each participant, and then a session of remote heart rate monitored X-CircuiT was performed. Exercise intensity (%HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>) and energy expenditure of X-CircuiT among the six age groups were assessed. Further sub-analysis was conducted by dividing the participants by peak metabolic equivalent (MET) values, &amp;lt;5 METs, 5\u20137 METs, and more than 7METs to explore the relationship between maximum exercise capacity and exercise intensity of X-CircuiT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average %HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> of X-CircuiT for subjects in the 20\u201329, 30\u201339, 40\u201349, 50\u201359, 60\u201369, and 70\u201380 age groups were 54 \u00b1 6, 59 \u00b1 8, 60 \u00b1 8, 62 \u00b1 5, 66 \u00b1 10, and 67 \u00b1 13, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.008); and the average energy expenditure was 121.9 \u00b1 26.5, 123.3 \u00b1 33.8, 129.2 \u00b1 40.9, 130.9 \u00b1 31.8, 146.8 \u00b1 29.0, and 125.0 \u00b1 28.4 kcal, respectively. The average %HR<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> for the warm-up, aerobic, acupoint patting, resistance, and stretching stages in overall subjects was 61 \u00b1 9, 70 \u00b1 10, 70 \u00b1 10, 63 \u00b1 9, and 57 \u00b1 9, respectively. Furthermore, when subjects were divided by peak METs, it was found that the lower the peak METs, the greater the value of the relative exercise intensity indicators. The aerobic and acupoint stages of X-CircuiT could illicit a response of high intensity for those with peak METs &amp;lt;5, moderate intensity in those with peak METs of 5\u20137, and low-intensity for those with peak METs of more than 7.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Xiangya Hospital Circuit Training followed the principle of low-intensity warm-up and medium-intensity training with multicomponent exercise training. It is classified as a moderate-intensity exercise for sedentary middle-aged and older adults, or those with a maximum exercise capacity of 5\u20137 METs, and is classified as a low-intensity exercise for young people.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.909766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T07:15:46Z","timestamp":1658906146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exercise intensity and energy expenditure of a multicomponent home-based training program: Xiangya hospital circuit training (X-CircuiT)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey W.","family":"Ripley-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangling","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baiyang","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaoshan","family":"Dun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suixin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2677-z","article-title":"Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Wilmot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.12.104","article-title":"Relationship between sedentary behavior and depression: A mediation analysis of influential factors across the lifespan among 42,469 people in low-and middle-income countries","volume":"15","author":"Stubbs","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.14.1785","article-title":"Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women","volume":"289","author":"Hu","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx208","article-title":"The relationship between physical activity and frailty among U.S. older adults based on hourly accelerometry data","volume":"73","author":"Huisingh-Scheetz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021067","article-title":"Walking compared with vigorous exercise for the prevention of cardiovascular events in women","volume":"347","author":"Manson","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000198923.80555.b7","article-title":"Long-term physical activity in leisure time and mortality from coronary heart disease, stroke, respiratory diseases, and cancer. 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