{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:23:45Z","timestamp":1789521825682,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["329200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["329200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["329201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["329201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["329202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["329202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association between health and working hours is hypothesized to be reciprocal, but few longitudinal studies have examined changes in both health and working hour patterns over time. We examined combined trajectories of self-related health and two working hour patterns (working &amp;lt;35 h\/week and working night shifts) and the extent to which these trajectories were predicted by employees' lifestyle and mental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants of this cohort study with a 8-year follow-up were 5,947 health care shift workers. We linked self-reports of health from three repeated surveys with objective pay-roll based data on working hours. Using group-based multi-trajectory analysis we identified concurrent trajectories for self-rated health and working hour patterns. We examined their associations with baseline lifestyle-related factors (smoking, at-risk alcohol use, obesity, and physical inactivity) and mental health (sleep problems and psychological distress) using multinomial regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three combined trajectories of self-rated health and working &amp;lt;35 h\/week and four combined trajectories of self-rated health and night work were identified. Unhealthy lifestyle and poor mental health were associated with trajectories of moderate and declining health. Sleep problems were linked with working &amp;lt;35 h\/week. Younger age and good mental health were associated with a combined trajectory of good health and continued night shift work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trajectories of suboptimal and declining health are associated with trajectories of reducing working hours and leaving night work, and are more common in employees with unhealthy lifestyle, sleep problems, and psychological distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.926057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T09:30:29Z","timestamp":1662456629000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Concurrent trajectories of self-rated health and working hour patterns in health care shift workers: A longitudinal analysis with 8-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jenni","family":"Ervasti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Peutere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oxana","family":"Krutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aki","family":"Koskinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko","family":"H\u00e4rm\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Kivim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annina","family":"Ropponen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100212","article-title":"Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes: a multicohort study in four European countries","volume-title":"The Lancet Regional Health \u2013 Europe.","author":"Ervasti","year":"2021"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqx054","article-title":"Impact of working hours on sleep and mental health","volume":"67","author":"Afonso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i5210","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5210","article-title":"Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep","volume":"355","author":"Kecklund","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-1131-z","article-title":"Mental health consequences of shift work: an updated review","volume":"22","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305278","article-title":"Shift work and poor mental health: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"109","author":"Torquati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2009.02.010","article-title":"Part-time work among older workers with disabilities in Europe","volume":"123","author":"Pag\u00e1n","year":"2009","journal-title":"Public Health."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280701192881","article-title":"Is part-time work a good or bad opportunity for people with disabilities? 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