{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:55:03Z","timestamp":1792115703402,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81801629"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81801629"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971433"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071353"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012476","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCU2021D009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCU2021D009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is a common type of extrapulmonary TB with an insidious onset and non-specific symptoms. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels increase rapidly in the early stages of abdominal TB. However, it remains unclear whether ADA serves as a diagnostic marker for abdominal TB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a systematic literature search for relevant articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to April 2022. First, we used the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool-2 (QUADAS-2), to evaluate the quality of the included articles. Bivariate and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) models were then utilized to analyze pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). In addition, we explored a subgroup analysis for potential heterogeneity and publication bias among the included literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-four articles (3,044 participants, 3,044 samples) which met the eligibility criteria were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ADA for abdominal TB detection were 93% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89\u20130.95] and 95% (95% CI: 0.93\u20130.96), respectively. PLR and NLR were 18.6 (95% CI: 14.0\u201324.6) and 0.08 (95% CI: 0.05\u20130.12), respectively. DOR and AUROC were 236 (95% CI: 134\u2013415) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96\u20130.99), respectively. Furthermore, no heterogeneity or publication bias was found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our meta-analysis found ADA to be of excellent diagnostic value for abdominal TB and could be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:ext-link>, identifier: CRD42022297931.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.938544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T12:22:25Z","timestamp":1663762945000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Diagnostic performance of adenosine deaminase for abdominal tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ruixi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiechao","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luting","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaopu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xihong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dezhi","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30308-3","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"393","author":"Furin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.03.041","article-title":"Drivers of tuberculosis epidemics: the role of risk factors and social determinants","volume":"68","author":"Lonnroth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e320","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00044-6","article-title":"Mortality from drug-resistant tuberculosis in high-burden countries comparing routine drug susceptibility testing with whole-genome sequencing: a multicentre cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Zurcher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11122362","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis in the adult-literature review","volume":"11","author":"Ionescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0006-2016","article-title":"Tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"5","author":"Vaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piz093","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis in children: challenges, uncertainty, and confusion","volume":"9","author":"Sartoris","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00629-2016","article-title":"Treatment of human disease due to mycobacterium bovis: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Lan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S1684-1182(10)60030-8","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis in children: a diagnostic challenge","volume":"43","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-017-0726-x","article-title":"Multidetector CT findings of histopathologically proven peritoneal tuberculous cold abscesses","volume":"122","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiol Med."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0014-2016","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm1713168","article-title":"Tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"379","author":"Okamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2018.04.003","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract and associated viscera","volume":"12","author":"Malikowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14831","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i40.14831","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract: revisited","volume":"20","author":"Debi","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-014-0467-x","article-title":"Acid-fast bacilli culture positivity and drug resistance in abdominal tuberculosis in Mumbai, India","volume":"33","author":"Samant","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(03)00079-5","article-title":"Indication for peritoneal biopsy in tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"185","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Surg."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012768","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012768.pub2","article-title":"Xpert((R)) MTB\/RIF assay for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance","volume":"8","author":"Kohli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.03.021","article-title":"The rapid molecular test Xpert MTB\/RIF ultra: towards improved tuberculosis diagnosis and rifampicin resistance detection","volume":"25","author":"Opota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05073-9","article-title":"Ultrasound in managing extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled two-center study","volume":"20","author":"Ndege","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.12.007","article-title":"Imaging in tuberculosis","volume":"32","author":"Skoura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102709","article-title":"The roles of adenosine deaminase in autoimmune diseases","volume":"20","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2019.1552140","article-title":"Current approaches toward identifying a correlate of immune protection from tuberculosis","volume":"18","author":"Satti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3272","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2019.1647221","article-title":"The diagnostic effect of sequential detection of ADA screening and T-SPOT assay in pleural effusion patients","volume":"47","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2017.02.012","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of adenosine deaminase for tuberculous meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Pormohammad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-04965-0","article-title":"Use of adenosine deaminase (ADA) to diagnose suspected peritoneal tuberculosis in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Ntwari","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl123","article-title":"Diagnosing tuberculous pericarditis","volume":"99","author":"Reuter","year":"2006","journal-title":"QJM."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05676-2","article-title":"Use of T-SPOTTB for the diagnosis of unconventional pleural tuberculosis is superior to ADA in high prevalence areas: a prospective analysis of 601 cases","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.06.009","article-title":"Serum adenosine deaminase enzyme and plasma platelet factor 4 activities in active pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV-seropositive subjects and cancer patients","volume":"52","author":"Tarhan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-1049-6","article-title":"Pleural fluid ADA activity in tuberculous pleurisy can be low in elderly, critically ill patients with multi-organ failure","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.09.012","article-title":"A rapid and non-invasive 2-step algorithm for diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis using a T cell-based assay on peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells together with peritoneal fluid adenosine deaminase","volume":"70","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240617","article-title":"Ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase insensitivity in detecting tuberculous peritonitis in the United States","volume":"24","author":"Hillebrand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5792937","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5792937","article-title":"Utility of ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase levels in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis in general medical practice","volume":"2020","author":"Kumabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056168","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2056168","article-title":"Diagnostic value of interferon-gamma release assays combined with multiple indicators for tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"2020","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.10.036","article-title":"Multicenter evaluation of the acid-fast bacillus smear, mycobacterial culture, Xpert MTB\/RIF assay, and adenosine deaminase for the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis in China","volume":"90","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19163","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies: the PRISMA-DTA statement","volume":"319","author":"McInnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B35","year":"2019"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.942","article-title":"A hierarchical regression approach to meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy evaluations","volume":"20","author":"Rutter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3631","article-title":"When are summary ROC curves appropriate for diagnostic meta-analyses?","volume":"28","author":"Chappell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1816169","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB\/RIF assay for abdominal tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2019.1637737","article-title":"Tuberculous pleural effusion: diagnosis & management","volume":"13","author":"Antonangelo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.01.016","article-title":"The performance of tests of publication bias and other sample size effects in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy was assessed","volume":"58","author":"Deeks","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2021.068","article-title":"Reappraisal of the role of ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase for the diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis in cirrhosis","volume":"78","author":"Dahale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.07.061","article-title":"The negative impact of increasing age and underlying cirrhosis on the sensitivity of adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis: a cross-sectional study in eastern China","volume":"110","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3329\/bmrcb.v40i3.25228","article-title":"Role of ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) and serum CA-125 in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"40","author":"Ali","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.02.022","article-title":"Development and evaluation of multiplex PCR in rapid diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis","volume":"76","author":"Hallur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i22.2837","article-title":"Role of ascites adenosine deaminase in differentiating between tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"18","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5260","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i37.5260","article-title":"Adenosine deaminase activity in tuberculous peritonitis among patients with underlying liver cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Liao","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.035121-0","article-title":"Use of adenosine deaminase measurements and QuantiFERON in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"61","author":"Saleh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-011-1224-2","article-title":"Comparison between laparoscopy and noninvasive tests for the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"35","author":"Hong","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Surg."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4021\/jocmr2010.05.289w","article-title":"Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of adenosine deaminase in patients of tubercular and non-tubercular serosal effusion in India","volume":"2","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2006.26.484","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ascitic fluid IFN-gamma and adenosine deaminase assays in the diagnosis of tuberculous ascites","volume":"26","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1054\/tube.2001.0289","article-title":"The use of adenosine deaminase as a diagnostic tool for peritoneal tuberculosis","volume":"81","author":"Burgess","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tuberculosis."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199903000-00020","article-title":"Elevated adenosine deaminase activity in patients with HIV and tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"11","author":"Sathar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651995000500011","article-title":"The value of adenosine deaminase (ADA) determination in the diagnosis of tuberculous ascites","volume":"37","author":"Brant","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop S\u00e3o Paulo."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.3.419","article-title":"Ascitic fluid gamma interferon concentrations and adenosine deaminase activity in tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"36","author":"Sathar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"B56","first-page":"1500","article-title":"Ascites adenosine deaminase activity is decreased in tuberculous ascites with low protein content","volume":"86","author":"Fernandez-Rodriguez","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-3879(91)90007-F","article-title":"Diagnostic value of ascites gamma interferon levels in tuberculous peritonitis. comparison with adenosine deaminase activity","volume":"72","author":"Ribera","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tubercle."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-3879(90)90007-U","article-title":"Adenosine deaminase (ADA) in peritoneal tuberculosis: diagnostic value in ascitic fluid and serum","volume":"71","author":"Bhargava","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tubercle."},{"key":"B59","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Value of adenosine deaminase estimation in the diagnosis of tuberculous ascites","volume":"85","author":"Dwivedi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92574-9","article-title":"Diagnostic value of ascites adenosine deaminase in tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"1","author":"Voigt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ376","article-title":"Intermittent directly observed therapy for abdominal tuberculosis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing 6 months versus 9 months of therapy","volume":"61","author":"Makharia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.04.001","article-title":"Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis by T cell-based assays on peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells","volume":"62","author":"Cho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.05.009","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of antigenaemia assay for PCR-proven cytomegalovirus infection-systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Eguchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2021.02.004","article-title":"Gastrointestinal and abdominal tuberculosis","volume":"50","author":"Eraksoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.53036.2","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis misdiagnosed as acute surgical abdomen and carcinomatosis","volume":"10","author":"Meregildo-Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.3109\/00365540903214264","article-title":"Tuberculous peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: comparison of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Escherichia coli with tuberculous peritonitis","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2020.1785870","article-title":"Differentiating intestinal tuberculosis and crohn disease: quo vadis","volume":"14","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06209-1","article-title":"Factors associated with negative pleural adenosine deaminase results in the diagnosis of childhood pleural tuberculosis","volume":"21","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.12.010","article-title":"Diagnostic value of adenosine deaminase in ascites for tuberculosis ascites: a meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"Tao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2013.36904","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of adenosine deaminase for tuberculous peritonitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200609000-00009","article-title":"Value of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in ascitic fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Riquelme","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7305.157","article-title":"Systematic reviews in health care: systematic reviews of evaluations of diagnostic and screening tests","volume":"323","author":"Deeks","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00177-X","article-title":"The diagnostic odds ratio: a single indicator of test performance","volume":"56","author":"Glas","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.2.417","article-title":"Adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion: is it really an ideal test? a word of caution","volume":"127","author":"Laniado-Laborin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2010.09.005","article-title":"Analytical performances of the diazyme ADA assay on the Cobas(R) 6000 system","volume":"43","author":"Delacour","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Biochem."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1110-z","article-title":"Adenosine deaminase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients: limited value for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis","volume":"23","author":"Corral","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.938544\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T12:22:31Z","timestamp":1663762951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.938544\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2022.938544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.938544","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"article-number":"938544"}}