{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:36:45Z","timestamp":1787506605976,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aims to examine the relationships between symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, worry about COVID-19 and fear of loneliness during COVID-19 lockdown in Peru using network analysis. There were 854 participants aged 18 to 50 years (Mean = 36.54;\n                    <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 9.23); 634 females (74.20%) and 220 males (25.80%), who completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Preoccupation with COVID-19 Contagion (PRE-COVID-19), Brief Scale of Fear of Loneliness (BSFL). A partial unregularized network was estimated through the\n                    <jats:italic>ggmModSelect<\/jats:italic>\n                    function. Expected influence (EI) and bridging EI values were calculated to identify central symptoms and bridging symptoms respectively. The results reveal those two symptoms of depression\u2014stress and anxiety\u2014were the most central symptoms in the network. Depressive symptoms are at the same time the most comorbid and it is shown that there are no differences in the network when compared between those who left home and those who did not leave home during lockdown. Depressive symptoms are concluded to be central and bridging in the network and interconnected with some symptoms of stress and anxiety. These findings may be important to understand the experience of COVID-19 lockdown in Peru.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.946697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T03:07:51Z","timestamp":1662692871000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anxiety, depression, stress, worry about COVID-19 and fear of loneliness during COVID-19 lockdown in Peru: A network analysis approach"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Ventura-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"L\u00f3pez-Jurado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Porturas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Le\u00f3n-Mostacero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherily Edith","family":"Canchanya-Balbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.36131\/CN20200205","article-title":"Lockdown and isolation: psychological aspects of COVID-19 pandemic in the general population","volume":"17","author":"Mucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychiatry."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00790","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy","volume":"11","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Mental Health\n            DattaniS\n            RitchieH\n            RoserM\n          Our World in Data2021"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01501-9","article-title":"Public mental health problems during COVID-19 pandemic: a large-scale meta-analysis of the evidence","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000015","article-title":"The impact of epidemic outbreak","volume":"31","author":"Yip","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crisis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370705200405","article-title":"Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak","volume":"52","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"162","article-title":"Stress, coping, and health","volume-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Health Psychology","author":"Carver","year":"2011"},{"key":"B8","volume-title":"Stress, Appraisal, and Coping","author":"Lazarus","year":"1984"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.06.038","article-title":"The effects of acute stress on core executive functions: a meta-analysis and comparison with cortisol","volume":"68","author":"Shields","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10329-3","article-title":"An investigation of depression, anxiety, and stress and its relating factors during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran","volume":"21","author":"Khademian","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.26452\/ijrps.v11iSPL1.4377","article-title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms and their association with quality of sleep and loneliness in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in India","volume":"11","author":"Lavanya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Res Pharm Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291721000635","article-title":"How does the COVID-19 pandemic impact on population mental health? 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