{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:16:37Z","timestamp":1790612197183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>This study aimed to examine the relationship between social support and its sub-domains and cognitive performance, and the association with cognitive impairment among older adults in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design<\/jats:title>A cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Setting and participants<\/jats:title>We included 865 community-based individuals aged 65 and above from Hubei province, China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The level of social support was evaluated using the social support rating scale (SSRC). The Mini-Mental State Examination was adopted to assess cognitive function, and its cut-offs were used to determine cognitive impairment among the participants. Multiple linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to estimate the \u03b2 and odds ratios (ORs<\/jats:italic>) and their 95% CIs, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The participants were divided into quartiles 1\u20134 (Q1\u2013Q4), according to the total scores of SSRC. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and history of diseases, for MMSE scores, compared to these in Q1, the \u03b2 of Q2\u2013Q4 were \u22120.22 (\u22120.88, 0.43), 0.29 (\u22120.35, 0.94), and 0.86 (0.19, 1.53), respectively; For cognitive impairment, the ORs<\/jats:italic> of Q2\u2013Q4 were 1.21 (0.80, 1.82), 0.62 (0.40, 0.94), and 0.50 (0.32, 0.80), respectively. Considering SSRC scores as the continuous variable, per 1-unit increase, the \u03b2 was 0.05 (0.02, 0.09) for the cognitive score, and the OR<\/jats:italic> was 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) for cognitive impairment. In addition, higher levels of both subjective support and support utilization were related to better MMSE performance and lower risks of cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion and implications<\/jats:title>Among the older adults in China, as expected, there is a positive relationship between social support and cognitive performance, and high levels of social support, particularly in support utilization, were related to low risks of cognitive impairment. More social support should be provided in this population to improve cognitive function and reduce the risks of cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.947225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T05:34:41Z","timestamp":1664170481000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Association of social support with cognition among older adults in China: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Benchao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqiong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaonuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.12.006","article-title":"The cost of Alzheimer's disease in China and re-estimation of costs worldwide","volume":"14","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12328","volume":"17","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B3","year":"","journal-title":"Risk Reduction of Cognitive Decline and Dementia"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e661","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30185-7","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"5","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767480","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.767480","article-title":"The rate of decrease in brain perfusion in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal syndrome may be impacted by glycemic variability-a pilot study","volume":"12","author":"Alster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-018-1581-3","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment and progression to dementia in people with diabetes, prediabetes and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Pal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-111028","article-title":"Cholesterol and late-life cognitive decline","volume":"2","author":"van","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015283","article-title":"Workload, control, and social support effects on serum lipids: a longitudinal study among apparently healthy employed adults","volume":"14","author":"Shirom","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1746","article-title":"Self-Efficacy, problem solving, and social-environmental support are associated with diabetes self-management behaviors","volume":"33","author":"King","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721710364419","article-title":"Race\/ethnicity, social support, and associations with diabetes self-care and clinical outcomes in Nhanes","volume":"36","author":"Rees","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Educ."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7913258","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7913258","article-title":"Social support groups in the maintenance of glycemic control after community-based intervention","volume":"2016","author":"Ing","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1080\/13825585.2011.567325","article-title":"Jr. The Influence of functional social support on executive functioning in middle-aged African Americans","volume":"18","author":"Sims","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afw060","article-title":"Social support and cognition in a community-based cohort: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study","volume":"45","author":"Kats","year":"2016","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3696-0","article-title":"Social function and cognitive status: results From a Us Nationally Representative Survey of Older Adults","volume":"31","author":"Kotwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2121122","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.21122","article-title":"Association of social support with brain volume and cognition","volume":"4","author":"Salinas","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200583","article-title":"Associations of social isolation and loneliness with later dementia","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.09.002","article-title":"Does loneliness mediate the relation between social support and cognitive functioning in later life?","volume":"98","author":"Ellwardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2016.10.005","article-title":"The association between social support and cognitive function in Mexican adults aged 50 and older","volume":"68","author":"Zamora-Macorra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113167","article-title":"Social contact, social support, and cognitive health in a population-based study of middle-aged and older men and women in rural South Africa","volume":"260","author":"Harling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2012.04178.x","article-title":"Role of social support in cognitive function among elders","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Nursing."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264313498416","article-title":"Stressful events, social support, and cognitive function in middle-aged adults with a family history of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"25","author":"Zuelsdorff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Aging Health."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2017.02.015","article-title":"Social support mediates the relationships between extraversion, neuroticism, and cognitive function in older adults","volume":"147","author":"McHugh Power","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbw135","article-title":"Dynamic longitudinal associations between social support and cognitive function: a prospective investigation of the directionality of associations","volume":"73","author":"Liao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci."},{"key":"B24","first-page":"98","article-title":"Theoretical foundation and research application about the social support rating scale","volume":"4","author":"Shuiyuan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatr."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100564","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2021-100564","article-title":"Urban-Rural disparities in mild cognitive impairment and its functional subtypes among community-dwelling older residents in central China","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gen Psychiatr."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000512597","article-title":"The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among Chinese people: a meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-Mental State\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10303.x","article-title":"An epidemiological survey of age-related dementia in an urban area of Beijing","volume":"79","author":"Li","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160119","article-title":"Mini-Mental state examination in elderly Chinese: a population-based normative study","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1672-187X.2014.06.015-0036-05","article-title":"L, Kong. L, Zhang. Q, Tao. F, Ma. A, Liu. Y, et al. Development of Chinese people's social support scale and test of reliability and validity","volume":"20","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Psychosomatic Dis."},{"key":"B31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Investigation of reliability and validity of the social support scale","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Xinjiang Med Univer."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01749-9","article-title":"Factors associated with the burden of family caregivers of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the lancet commission","volume":"396","author":"Livingston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316274","article-title":"Marriage and risk of dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"89","author":"Sommerlad","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"83","article-title":"Cooperative Meta-Analysis Group of the Working Group on Obesity in C. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese Adults\u2013study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.11909\/j.issn.1671-5411.2019.03.014","article-title":"2018 Chinese guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension-a report of the revision committee of chinese guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Joint","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Geriatr Cardiol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-S002","volume":"44","author":"American","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.20.4.243","article-title":"Social relationships, social support, and patterns of cognitive aging in healthy, high-functioning older adults: macarthur studies of successful aging","volume":"20","author":"Seeman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.169094","article-title":"Social support and protection from depression: systematic review of current findings in Western Countries","volume":"209","author":"Gariepy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e026667","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026667","article-title":"Social support and depression among community dwelling older adults in asia: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Tengku Mohd","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105306069084","article-title":"Attachment, social support and well-being in young and older adults","volume":"11","author":"Kafetsios","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Health Psychol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.118307","article-title":"3rd. late-life depression and risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based cohort studies","volume":"202","author":"Diniz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16207","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0747-14.2014","article-title":"Social interaction rescues memory deficit in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease by increasing Bdnf-dependent hippocampal neurogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Hsiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2016-0072","article-title":"Hippocampal Bdnf in physiological conditions and social isolation","volume":"28","author":"Zaletel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.03.025","article-title":"Freitas B, Antoniazzi V, de Souza Dos Santos C, Vedovelli K, Naziaseno Pires V, et al. Social isolation and social support at adulthood affect epigenetic mechanisms, brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and behavior of chronically stressed Rats","volume":"366","author":"Viana Borges","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.019","article-title":"The correlation between perceived social support, cortisol and brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in healthy women","volume":"239","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B47","first-page":"309","article-title":"The reliability, validity and national norm of social support scale in servicemen","volume":"20","author":"Guoyu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin Mental Health J."},{"key":"B48","first-page":"218","article-title":"Reliability and validity of social support rating scale in rural suicides","volume":"25","author":"Changfei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin Mental Health J."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0233831","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233831","article-title":"Social support and mental health among health care workers during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: a moderated mediation model","volume":"15","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.947225\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T05:34:55Z","timestamp":1664170495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.947225\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2022.947225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.947225","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"article-number":"947225"}}