{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T16:58:13Z","timestamp":1773161893043,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Because of insidious progression and no significant clinical symptoms at early stage, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is often diagnosed after the occurrence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Highly effective and low drug resistance of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have enabled cure of CHC, encouraging the World Health Organization to propose a global viral hepatitis elimination program. To Date, vaccine for CHC is still under research. Therefore, reducing the source of infection is an important means of eliminating CHC other than cutting off the transmission route, which requires screening, diagnosing and treating as many patients in the population as possible. Hospital-based screening strategy have been found to be cost-effective in the management of CHC screening, as reported both nationally and internationally. Currently, China has issued <jats:italic>In-hospital process for viral hepatitis C screening and management in China (Draft)<\/jats:italic> in April, 2021, which provides a standardized implementation process and direction for in-hospital hepatitis C screening and treatment, but still requires medical institution to develop its own management process, taking into account its current situation and learning from domestic and international experience. In addition, screening for CHC outside the hospital among special populations, such as blood donors, pregnant women, homosexuals, intravenous drug users, prisoners, and residents in rural areas with scarce medical care resources, also requires attention and development of targeted and rational screening strategies. In this paper, we analyze and recommend the management of hepatitis C screening from both in-hospital and out-of-hospital perspectives, with the aim of contributing to the formulation of hepatitis C screening strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.984810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T08:51:51Z","timestamp":1674636711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Management of in- and out-of-hospital screening for hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fa-Da","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan-Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"En-Qiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.107","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of HCV infection","volume":"10","author":"Hajarizadeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-019-1157-1","article-title":"Hepatitis C screening in hospitals: find the missing patients","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virol J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6919a1","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis c infection among adult patients at four urban emergency departments - Birmingham, Oakland, Baltimore, and Boston, 2015-2017","volume":"69","author":"Galbraith","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.03.014","article-title":"An economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of opt-out hepatitis B and hepatitis C testing in an emergency department setting in the United Kingdom","volume":"23","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Value Health."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-017-4280-y","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of hepatitis C infection in primary care settings","volume":"33","author":"Guss","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12584","article-title":"Hepatitis C Screening and referral for further investigation and treatment in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"14","author":"Iskender","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106153","article-title":"Screening and linkage to care for hepatitis c among inpatients in georgia's national hospital screening program","volume":"138","author":"Shadaker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn501113-20210401-00157","article-title":"Chinese medical association, hospital infection management committee of chinese hospital association. 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