{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:05:20Z","timestamp":1793318720375,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses are at high risk for depression and anxiety symptoms after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to assess the network structure of anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese nurses in the late stage of this pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 6,183 nurses were recruited across China from Oct 2020 to Apr 2021 through snowball sampling. We used Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7) to assess depression and anxiety, respectively. We used the Ising model to estimate the network. The index \u201cexpected influence\u201d and \u201cbridge expected influence\u201d were applied to determine the central symptoms and bridge symptoms of the anxiety-depression network. We tested the stability and accuracy of the network <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the case-dropping procedure and non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>The network had excellent stability and accuracy. Central symptoms included \u201crestlessness\u201d, \u201ctrouble relaxing\u201d, \u201csad mood\u201d, and \u201cuncontrollable worry\u201d. \u201cRestlessness\u201d, \u201cnervous\u201d, and \u201csuicidal thoughts\u201d served as bridge symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Restlessness emerged as the strongest central and bridge symptom in the anxiety-depression network of nurses. Intervention on depression and anxiety symptoms in nurses should prioritize this symptom.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.996386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T16:00:26Z","timestamp":1667404826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A network analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese nurses in the late stage of the COVID-19 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