{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:06:36Z","timestamp":1775279196088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is associated with multiple adverse health effects and mortality, with the highest burden in India. The WHO FCTC has banned tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> Article 13. Indian laws also prohibit any kind of direct or indirect advertisements in all forms of audio, visual, and print media; brand promotion; and sponsorship of tobacco products. However, the tobacco industry continues to find aggressive marketing ways to advertise their products. This study aims to assess the extent of surrogate advertisement of smokeless tobacco products through frequency modulation (FM) radio stations in the city of Delhi (National Capital Territory of India). In this study, the advertisements broadcasted over FM radio across different channels (private and government owned) in total 162 h were analyzed. The time duration was spread evenly over morning peak hours, off hours, and evening peak hours. It was found that multiple brands including Vimal, Kamla Pasand, and Rajshree have used surrogate advertising to market their brands that are commonly associated with smokeless tobacco products. However, no such advertisement was found to be aired on government-owned FM channels. The total surrogate advertisements broadcasted were over 286 times, where no significant difference was found in distribution among peak and non-peak hours. The study indicated that the tobacco industry is making its way to sell the products through indirect advertisements. The need of the hour is to not only enforce tobacco advertising ban laws in all forms of advertising media but also to strictly regulate smokeless tobacco products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.999552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T16:30:49Z","timestamp":1665765049000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Smokeless tobacco industry's brand stretching through FM radio: A study from Delhi National Capital Region, India"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Prashant Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rupal","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akansha","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70173-6","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco and cancer: an overview","volume":"9","author":"Boffetta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01677-9","article-title":"Global burden of disease due to smokeless tobacco consumption in adults: an updated analysis of data from 127 countries","volume":"18","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx276","article-title":"The poorest of poor suffer the greatest burden from smokeless tobacco use: A study from 140 countries","volume":"12","author":"Sinha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.075499","article-title":"Public health implications of smokeless tobacco use as a harm reduction strategy","volume":"96","author":"Savitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.12.4.e4","article-title":"Tobacco use in India: prevalence and predictors of smoking and chewing in a national cross sectional household survey","volume":"12","author":"Rani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tob Control."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty002","article-title":"Risk of coronary heart disease among smokeless tobacco users: results of systematic review and meta-analysis of global data","volume":"21","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"B7","volume-title":"WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control","year":"2003"},{"key":"B8","unstructured":"Mumbai Mumbai and Ministry of Health & Family Welfare G of I. 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