{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:21:11Z","timestamp":1792513271124,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute leukemia accounts for more than 30% of all pediatric cancer cases, and of these, 15\u201320% are acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Children who super from AML are more likely to develop infections due to the humoral and cellular immune deficits generated by the disease and its treatment. The incidence of fungal infections is underestimated; reports show that up to 75% of fungal infections go undiagnosed until autopsy. In only 30 years, the incidence of invasive candidiasis has increased by 40-fold. Thus, the high morbidity and mortality associated with fungal infections in hematological patients make it necessary to adopt preventive measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work aimed to retrospectively identify pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia and invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) in a Latin American tertiary care hospital. A retrospective analysis of 36 clinical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with AML from 2007 to 2017 was carried out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and twenty-nine hospitalizations were associated with infectious events. Thirteen patients in our study presented 15 infectious events associated with IFDs (11.6%). Two patients died because of complications related to IFDs (15.3%). The most frequent IFD type was aspergillosis, which was observed in 7 cases, followed by Candidemia, which was observed in 4 cases. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever and respiratory distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality due to IFD can be prevented with effective pharmacotherapy. An appropriate antifungal prophylaxis strategy still needs to be developed through larger prospective studies in Latin America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1056489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T05:03:23Z","timestamp":1679461403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Fungal infections in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia in a tertiary hospital"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"\u00c1vila Montiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Saucedo Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Avil\u00e9s Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"Murillo Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Jim\u00e9nez Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisol","family":"Silva Dirzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Dorantes Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011694","article-title":"How I treat pediatric acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"138","author":"Rubnitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.4274\/tjh.2017.0052","article-title":"High infection-related mortality in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia without preventive antibiotics and antifungals: retrospective cohort study of a single center from a middle-income country","volume":"34","author":"Zengin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Turk J Haematol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28688","article-title":"Feasibility, efficacy, and adverse effects of outpatient antibacterial prophylaxis in children with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"120","author":"Inaba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3028","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1616185","article-title":"Infections in children with acute myeloid leukemia: increased mortality in relapsed\/refractory patients","volume":"60","author":"Zaj\u0105c-Spycha\u0142a","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leuk + Lymphoma"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e254","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30723-3","article-title":"8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia: 2020 guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of invasive fungal diseases in paediatric patients with cancer or post-haematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Groll","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33878","article-title":"Increased survival disparities among children and adolescents & young adults with acute myeloid leukemia: A Dutch population-based study","volume":"150","author":"Schulpen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454220919699","article-title":"Increased risk of severe sepsis in hispanic children hospitalized with acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"37","author":"Savage","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Oncol Nurs."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M1","DOI":"10.24875\/GMM.M21000598","article-title":"Consensus in acute myeloid leukemia in Mexico. 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