{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:29:34Z","timestamp":1753892974781,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007452","name":"Wu Jieping Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007452","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018ZX10302206-003","2017ZX10202203-007","2017ZX10202203-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX10302206-003","2017ZX10202203-007","2017ZX10202203-008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with endocrine-related cancers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This observational study involved 94 breast cancer patients, 92 thyroid cancer patients, and 123 healthy individuals who had received the third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Data on the adverse effects, serum anti-receptor binding domain (RBD)-immunoglobulin (Ig) G, and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were collected prospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The serum anti-RBD-IgG and NAb titers were significantly lower for the patients with endocrine-related malignancies than for the healthy controls (3.01 [IQR: 1.11\u20136.70] vs. 4.19 [1.95\u20139.11], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001; 0.23 [0.11\u20130.52] vs. 0.41 [0.22\u20130.78], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001), and the seroconversion rates of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs showed similar results. The serum antibody titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients aged \u226565 years with endocrine-related cancers, but there were no significant differences related to gender, vaccine type, or cancer type. Subgroup analysis showed that the antibody titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients with intermediate to advanced breast cancer, HR\u2013\/Her2+ breast cancer, and breast cancer undergoing treatment than for healthy controls. In contrast, breast cancer patients who completed their treatment and those who received endocrine therapy after completing their treatment were not significantly different from healthy controls. The NAbs titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients with primary thyroid cancer (0.19 [IQR: 0.10\u20130.46] vs. 0.41 [0.22\u20130.78], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003; 55.9 vs. 84.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001); the seroconversion rates were significantly higher for the patients with combined Hashimoto's thyroiditis than for those without it. Multiple linear regression showed that patients aged \u226565 years who were receiving treatment were at risk of having lower antibody levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and well-tolerated. Our data support a third (booster) dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for breast and thyroid cancer patients. Breast cancer patients aged \u226565 years who are receiving treatment should be more protected, while thyroid cancer and breast cancer patients who have completed their treatment can be vaccinated like the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1086872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T10:47:50Z","timestamp":1675334870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Safety and immunogenicity of the third (booster) dose of inactivated and recombinant protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for patients with endocrine-related cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tingrui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daixing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingli","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00459-7","article-title":"Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19","volume":"19","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.041","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 reveals diverse mutations in circulating alpha and delta variants during the first, second, and third waves of COVID-19 in South Kivu, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"122","author":"Ntagereka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02440-y","article-title":"Remdesivir vs. ritonavir\/lopinavir in COVID-19 patients","volume":"190","author":"Vitiello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2021.102792","article-title":"Mitigating COVID-19 in the face of emerging virus variants, breakthrough infections, and vaccine hesitancy","volume":"127","author":"Haque","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Autoimmun."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00479-5","article-title":"Dynamic IgG seropositivity after the rollout of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccines in Chile: a sentinel surveillance study","volume":"22","author":"Saur\u00e9","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.3390\/idr13040084","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine booster: to boost or not to boost","volume":"13","author":"Shekhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis Rep."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0197321","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01973-21","article-title":"Are COVID-19 vaccine boosters needed? 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