{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T23:12:08Z","timestamp":1774480328635,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study is to describe, visualize, and compare the trends and epidemiological features of the mortality rates of 10 notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in China from 2004 to 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were obtained from the database of the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System (NIDSS) and reports released by the National and local Health Commissions from 2004 to 2020. Spearman correlations and Joinpoint regression models were used to quantify the temporal trends of RIDs by calculating annual percentage changes (APCs) in the rates of mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall mortality rate of RIDs was stable across China from 2004 to 2020 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic> = \u22120.38, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.13), with an APC per year of \u22122.2% (95% CI: \u22124.6 to 0.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.1000). However, the overall mortality rate of 10 RIDs in 2020 decreased by 31.80% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) compared to the previous 5 years before the COVID-19 pandemic. The highest mortality occurred in northwestern, western, and northern China. Tuberculosis was the leading cause of RID mortality, and mortality from tuberculosis was relatively stable throughout the 17 years (R = \u22120.36, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.16), with an APC of \u22121.9% (95% CI \u22124.1 to 0.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.1000). Seasonal influenza was the only disease for which mortality significantly increased (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic> = 0.73, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.00089), with an APC of 29.70% (95% CI 16.60\u201344.40%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0000). The highest yearly case fatality ratios (CFR) belong to avian influenza A H5N1 [687.5 per 1,000 (33\/48)] and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis [90.5748 per 1,000 (1,010\/11,151)]. The age-specific CFR of 10 RIDs was highest among people over 85 years old [13.6551 per 1,000 (2,353\/172,316)] and was lowest among children younger than 10 years, particularly in 5-year-old children [0.0552 per 1,000 (58\/1,051,178)].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mortality rates of 10 RIDs were relatively stable from 2004 to 2020 with significant differences among Chinese provinces and age groups. There was an increased mortality trend for seasonal influenza and concerted efforts are needed to reduce the mortality rate of seasonal influenza in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1102747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T08:45:46Z","timestamp":1676623546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Epidemiological features and trends in the mortality rates of 10 notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in China from 2004 to 2020: Based on national surveillance"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Supen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Jung","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ta-Chien","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiruo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32335-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k4680","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4680","article-title":"Respiratory disease mortality in the United Kingdom compared with EU15+ countries in 1985-2015: observational study","volume":"363","author":"Salciccioli","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32152-9","article-title":"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"390","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.2089","article-title":"Trends and patterns of differences in infectious disease mortality among US counties, 1980-2014","volume":"319","author":"El Bcheraoui","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3181-y","article-title":"Distribution of influenza virus types by age using case-based global surveillance data from twenty-nine countries, 1999\u20132014","volume":"18","author":"Caini","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-3892-9","article-title":"High admission rates and heavy inpatient service costs of urban tuberculosis patients in eastern China","volume":"19","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02427.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis patient expenditure on drugs and tests in subsidised, public services in China: a descriptive study","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"020803","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.10.020803","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics and trends of notifiable infectious diseases in China from 1986 to 2016","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Glob Health."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30227-X","article-title":"Epidemiological features of and changes in incidence of infectious diseases in China in the first decade after the SARS outbreak","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28353","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28353","article-title":"Trends and disparities in 44 national notifiable infectious diseases in China. 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