{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T16:20:57Z","timestamp":1789402857720,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the COVID-19 pandemic in China, a large number of mild or ordinary confirmed cases have been sent to Fangcang shelter hospitals for treatment. We aimed to investigate the mental health condition of Fangcang patients 2 years after the pandemic when patients knew more about COVID-19 and the virus was less virulent. We focused on the effect of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep on depression, anxiety, and insomnia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1,014 patients from two large Fangcang shelter hospitals in Shanghai between 22 April and 8 May 2022 completed a set of questionnaires comprising: the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Insomnia Severity Index scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results show that the positive screening rates for anxiety, depression, and insomnia among tested patients were 55.3, 27.0, and 47.8%, respectively. Patients were more likely to report higher anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and to endorse affective and sleep disorders if they were: female, aged 18\u201340 years, with undergraduate course or above, white-collar employees, or those who thought the pandemic would have severe economic effects. About 51.4% of the participants had dysfunctional beliefs about sleep to varying degrees. Compared with patients who had accurate beliefs about sleep, the ratios of insomnia, anxiety, and depression were significantly higher among patients with dysfunctional beliefs about sleep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Attention should be paid to the mental health problems of patients in Fangcang shelter hospitals. The results indicate that dysfunctional beliefs about sleep significantly increased anxiety, depression, and insomnia of Fangcang patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T10:50:12Z","timestamp":1677149412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep on sleep quality and mental health among patients with COVID-19 treated in Fangcang shelter hospitals"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jiaxi","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyuan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.03.032","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of non-critically ill patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a Fangcang Hospital","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25947","article-title":"The application of Temporary Ark Hospitals in controlling COVID-19 spread: the experiences of one Temporary Ark Hospital, Wuhan, China","volume":"92","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0238416","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238416","article-title":"Anxiety and depressive symptoms among COVID-19 patients in Jianghan Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Wuhan, China","volume":"15","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS ONE."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12443","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12443","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among patients with COVID-19 treated in the Fangcang shelter hospital in China","volume":"13","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Psychiatry."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020975805","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers in the Fangcang shelter hospital in China","volume":"68","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2020.12.001","article-title":"Mental health outcomes among patients from Fangcang shelter hospitals exposed to coronavirus disease 2019: an observational cross-sectional study","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chronic Dis Transl Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S327365","article-title":"Social jetlag changes during the COVID-19 pandemic as a predictor of insomnia\u2013a multi-national survey study","author":"Brand\u00e3o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113599","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress among populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"295","author":"C\u00e9nat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8930","article-title":"Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Jahrami","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114065","article-title":"Depression, anxiety and stress during COVID-19: associations with changes in physical activity, sleep, tobacco and alcohol use in Australian adults","volume":"17","author":"Stanton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.11.114","article-title":"Sleep conditions associate with anxiety and depression symptoms among pregnant women during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shenzhen","volume":"281","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/24.5.591","article-title":"Does cognitive-behavioral insomnia therapy alter dysfunctional beliefs about sleep?","volume":"24","author":"Edinger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.11.1547","article-title":"Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS): validation of a brief version (DBAS-16)","volume":"30","author":"Morin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.05.006","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the association between insomnia, anxiety, and depression in adolescence: implications for behavioral sleep interventions","volume":"63","author":"Blake","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.045","article-title":"Sleep quality and mental health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Morocco","volume":"74","author":"Idrissi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.02.017","article-title":"Self-reported sleep quality and dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs in young and older adults: changes in times of COVID-19 lockdown","volume":"81","author":"Sella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579107","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.579107","article-title":"Insomnia in the Italian population during Covid-19 outbreak: a snapshot on one major risk factor for depression and anxiety","volume":"11","author":"Bacaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-COVID-51-5","article-title":"Implementation of emergency general practitioner management of patients during the complete lockdown consequent to the COVID-19 Omicron outbreak in Shanghai","volume":"1","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.14064","article-title":"COVID-19: Omicron\u2013the latest, the least virulent, but probably not the last variant of concern of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"15","author":"Br\u00fcssow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microb Biotechnol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2014.04.024","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the brief version of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep","volume":"23","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Behav Med Brain Sci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.07.010","article-title":"Validity of the GAD-7 scale as an outcome measure of disability in patients with generalized anxiety disorders in primary care","volume":"128","author":"Ruiz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2014.09.009","article-title":"A diagnostic meta-analysis of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) algorithm scoring method as a screen for depression","volume":"37","author":"Manea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4","article-title":"Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research","volume":"2","author":"Bastien","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.1562","article-title":"The mental health consequences of COVID-19 and physical distancing: the need for prevention and early intervention","volume":"180","author":"Galea","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5505\/kpd.2020.59862","article-title":"The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety","volume":"23","author":"Kavakli","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00302228211050503","DOI":"10.1177\/00302228211050503","article-title":"Death anxiety associated with coronavirus (COVID-19) disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"\u00d6zg\u00fc\u00e7","year":"2021","journal-title":"OMEGA J Death Dying."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.113863","article-title":"The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbance in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"301","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2013.03.003","article-title":"Dispositional mindfulness, insomnia, sleep quality and dysfunctional sleep beliefs in post-treatment cancer patients","volume":"55","author":"Garland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.04.005","article-title":"Cognitive approaches to insomnia","volume":"25","author":"Harvey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2011.643968","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of sleep dysfunction: the role of anxiety sensitivity, dysfunctional beliefs, and neuroticism","volume":"11","author":"Calkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav Sleep Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S155722","article-title":"Investigation on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep in Chinese college students","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S344299","article-title":"Nightmares in people with COVID-19: did coronavirus infect our dreams?","volume":"14","author":"Scarpelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.07.008","article-title":"The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: exploration of the direction of risk","volume":"40","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.07.035","article-title":"Insomnia, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international collaborative study","volume":"87","author":"Morin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.101230","article-title":"Changes in dysfunctional beliefs about sleep after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Thakral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129322\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T10:50:15Z","timestamp":1677149415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129322\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129322","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"article-number":"1129322"}}